The effect of ionic liquids(ILs) on the solubility of cellulose was investigated by changing their anions and cations. The structural variation included 11 kinds of cations in combination with 4 kinds of anions. The i...The effect of ionic liquids(ILs) on the solubility of cellulose was investigated by changing their anions and cations. The structural variation included 11 kinds of cations in combination with 4 kinds of anions. The interaction between the IL and cellobiose, the repeating unit of cellulose, was clarified through nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. The reason for different dissolving capabilities of various ILs was revealed. The hydrogen bonding interaction between the IL and hydroxyl was the major force for cellulose dissolution. Both the anion and cation in the IL formed hydrogen bonds with cellulose. Anions associated with hydrogen atoms of hydroxyls, and cations favored the formation of hydrogen bonds with oxygen atoms of hydroxyls by utilizing activated protons in imidazolium ring. Weakening of either the hydrogen bonding interaction between the anion and cellulose, or that between the cation and cellulose, or both, decreases the capability of ILs to dissolve cellulose.展开更多
This study evaluated the myocardial strain and aortic elasticity in patients with bicuspid aortic valve(BAV) and then investigated the relation between them. Thirty-nine patients(30 males; mean age 44±19 years; r...This study evaluated the myocardial strain and aortic elasticity in patients with bicuspid aortic valve(BAV) and then investigated the relation between them. Thirty-nine patients(30 males; mean age 44±19 years; range 6 to 75 years) with BAV were recruited as BAV group, and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls(21 males; mean age 42±11 years; range 20 to 71 years) served as control group. Aortic strain, distensibility and stiffness index were derived using M-mode echocardiography. Left ventricular global myocardial strain was acquired with speckle-tracking echocardiography. Correlation between aortic elasticity and myocardial strain was also analyzed. The results showed that aortic stiffness was higher(17.5±14.0 vs. 5.3±2.7, P<0.001), and aortic strain(4.9±4.7 vs. 11.0±4.1, P<0.001) and distensibility(1.8±2.1 vs. 3.7±1.6, P<0.001) were lower significantly in BAV group than in control group. Global circumferential strain(–19.1±4.2 vs. –22.5±3.7, P<0.001), radial stain(29.8±14.9 vs. 38.0±8.8, P<0.001) and longitudinal stain(–18.4±3.4 vs. –20.8±3.5, P<0.001) were significantly lower in BAV group than in control group. There was weak association between aortic elasticity and myocardial strain. These findings indicated BAV patients manifest reduced myocardial strain which had weak relationship with aortic elastic lesion.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61674073 the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province under Grant No 2017A050506056+1 种基金 the Key Basic and Applied Research Project of Guangdong Province under Grant No 2016KZDXM021 the Project of International as well as Hongkong,Macao and Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Innovation Platform in Universities in Guangdong Province under Grant No 2015KGJHZ028
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11704026 and 11461016) the Fund from Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,China(Grant No.2017XZD01) the Guizhou Youth Science and Technology Talent Development Project(Grant Nos.[2016]170 and[2017]150)
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant Nos 2016YFA0300502, 2016YFA0300503, 2016YFA0300604, 2016YF0300300 and 2016YFA0300802, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11421092, 11474330~ 11574359, 11674406, 11374346 and 11674375, the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No 2015CB921304, the National Thousand-Young-Talents Program of China, the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant Nos XDB07020000, XDB07020200 and XDB07020300. The work in Utah is supported by DOE-BES under Grant No DE-FG02-04ER46148.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. l 1504102), the Special Fund for Theoretical Physics of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11647133), the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of China (Grant No. BK201407), and the Major Scientific Research Project Pre-funds of Hubei University of Automotive Technology, China (Grant No. 2014XY06).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11504102) the Scientific Research Items Foundation of Hubei Educational Committee,China(Grant Nos.Q20161803 and B2016091)+1 种基金 the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation(Grant No.BK201407) the Major Scientific Research Project Pre-funds of Hubei University of Automotive Technology,China(Grant No.2014XY06).
基金We thank the support from Australian Research Council the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility at the Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, the University of Queensland, and the Queensland node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51425307, 51573196, 21374126) the Program of Taishan Industry Leading Talents (Shandong Province)
文摘The effect of ionic liquids(ILs) on the solubility of cellulose was investigated by changing their anions and cations. The structural variation included 11 kinds of cations in combination with 4 kinds of anions. The interaction between the IL and cellobiose, the repeating unit of cellulose, was clarified through nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. The reason for different dissolving capabilities of various ILs was revealed. The hydrogen bonding interaction between the IL and hydroxyl was the major force for cellulose dissolution. Both the anion and cation in the IL formed hydrogen bonds with cellulose. Anions associated with hydrogen atoms of hydroxyls, and cations favored the formation of hydrogen bonds with oxygen atoms of hydroxyls by utilizing activated protons in imidazolium ring. Weakening of either the hydrogen bonding interaction between the anion and cellulose, or that between the cation and cellulose, or both, decreases the capability of ILs to dissolve cellulose.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chine (No. 81571695).
文摘This study evaluated the myocardial strain and aortic elasticity in patients with bicuspid aortic valve(BAV) and then investigated the relation between them. Thirty-nine patients(30 males; mean age 44±19 years; range 6 to 75 years) with BAV were recruited as BAV group, and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls(21 males; mean age 42±11 years; range 20 to 71 years) served as control group. Aortic strain, distensibility and stiffness index were derived using M-mode echocardiography. Left ventricular global myocardial strain was acquired with speckle-tracking echocardiography. Correlation between aortic elasticity and myocardial strain was also analyzed. The results showed that aortic stiffness was higher(17.5±14.0 vs. 5.3±2.7, P<0.001), and aortic strain(4.9±4.7 vs. 11.0±4.1, P<0.001) and distensibility(1.8±2.1 vs. 3.7±1.6, P<0.001) were lower significantly in BAV group than in control group. Global circumferential strain(–19.1±4.2 vs. –22.5±3.7, P<0.001), radial stain(29.8±14.9 vs. 38.0±8.8, P<0.001) and longitudinal stain(–18.4±3.4 vs. –20.8±3.5, P<0.001) were significantly lower in BAV group than in control group. There was weak association between aortic elasticity and myocardial strain. These findings indicated BAV patients manifest reduced myocardial strain which had weak relationship with aortic elastic lesion.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,Grant No.2015CB057500) National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50305035,51575259) Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,China(Grant No.0315K01)
文摘在由于复杂结构,运动转变机制,和慢有活力的反应放阶段的纳米的常规伺服马达和步进马达脸挑战,直接特别由线性马达开车。为线性运动的一台新塑造蝴蝶的线性压电的马达被介绍。建议线性超声的马达驾驶的一个二度的精确位置阶段拥有一种简单、紧缩的配置,它让系统获得更突然开车的链。第一,线性超声的马达的工作原则被分析。定子上的二只开车的脚的摆动轨道被使用压电的合成结构的反对称、对称的颤动模式连续地生产,并且滑块在开车的脚上压了能在一个仅仅颤动周期被推进两次。然后,与压电的致动器和短暂反应的动态方程的推导,模型, start-upstart-up 和建议线性致动器的安定州的特征理论上并且试验性地被调查,并且是适用的评估致动器驾驶的精确站台的步骤分辨率。而且二度的位置阶段系统的结构被描述,一个特殊精确排水量测量系统被造。最后,二度的位置阶段的特征被学习。处于靠近环的条件放的精确性加或减 < 0.5 m 试验性地被获得因为阶段由压电的马达推进了。基于的一个精确位置阶段求婚塑造蝴蝶线性压电理论上并且试验性地被调查。