Depression is a chronic,recurring and potentially life threatening illness and affects up to 20%of the world population and in the year 2020,depression will become the second most common disease in the world.To find t...Depression is a chronic,recurring and potentially life threatening illness and affects up to 20%of the world population and in the year 2020,depression will become the second most common disease in the world.To find the remedy from nutraceuticals,the present study was designed to evaluate the antidepressant activity of stearic acid(SA)and to quantify its maximum content in different dayold wheat seedlings and wheat grains.Forced swimming test(FST)and tail suspension test(TST)were done to evaluate the antidepressant activity of SA.HPTLC fingerprinting of SA was done in different days(3,5 and 7 d)of wheat seedlings and wheat grains to quantify its maximum content.In the antidepressant study,when compared with the control(326.67±3.02 s),SA showed potential antidepressant activity in TST(131.67±2.60 s)and SA also showed very good antidepressant activity in FST(124.83±5.37 s)when compared with the control(215.83±6.64 s).In HPTLC fingerprinting,the maximum content of SA was identified in 3-d-old wheat seedlings(89.43μg)when compared to wheat grains(84.69μg),5-d-old(86.43μg)and 7-d-old(85.32μg)wheat seedlings.Hence,the present study concludes that SA has a potential antidepressant activity and 3-d-old wheat seedlings are the essential sources of SA among the different dayold wheat seedlings.展开更多
Objective: To establish a simple, rapid, precise and accurate high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) method with densitometric detection for the determination of vitexin in Passiflora foetida Linn.(P. foeti...Objective: To establish a simple, rapid, precise and accurate high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) method with densitometric detection for the determination of vitexin in Passiflora foetida Linn.(P. foetida).Methods: Ethanolic extract of the plant leaf powder was used for the experimental work.Separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates with ethyl acetate:methanol: distilled water: formic acid in the proportion of 50:2:3:6(v/v), as the mobile phase. The determination was carried out using the densitometric absorbance mode at340 nm.Results: Vitexin response was linear over the range of 2.5–17.5 mg/m L with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. Intraday and interday precision studies showed the relative SD was< 3%. Accuracy of the method was determined and the average recovery was 100.3%.The limit of quantitation and limit of detection were 0.879 and 0.290 mg/m L, respectively.The contents of vitexin in P. foetida leaf extracts were within the range of 0.030%–0.310%.Conclusions: The method was evaluated for sensitivity, accuracy, precision and reproducibility. Each analysis by HPTLC is less expensive than current methods. This method is suitable for routine quality control of raw material of the leaves of P. foetida extract and its products.展开更多
The objective of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging potential and high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) fingerprinting of Indigofera tinctoria(I. tinctoria). Phytochemical analysis ...The objective of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging potential and high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) fingerprinting of Indigofera tinctoria(I. tinctoria). Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods, and free radical scavenging activity of the plant was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy(DPPH), nitric oxide(NO) and superoxide anion(O2-)radical scavenging capacities. HPTLC plate was kept in CAMAG TLC Scanner 3 and the Rf values at fingerprint data were recorded by WINCATS software. Aqueous extract of I. tinctoria reliably showed the total phenolics(267.2±2.42 mg/g), flavonoids(75.43±3.36 mg/g) and antioxidants(349.11±8.04 mg/g). The extract was found to have DPPH(52.08%), NO(23.12%) and O2-(26.79%) scavenging activities at the concentration of 250 μg/m L and the results were statistically signi ficant compared with ascorbic acid standard(p<0.05). HPTLC results con firmed that the extract contained several potential active components such as phenols, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids as the slides revealed multi-colored bands of varying intensities. This study confirmed that the plant had multipotential antioxidant and free radicals scavenging activities.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Analysis of traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM)supplements has always been a laborious task,particularly in the case of multi-ingredient formulations.Traditionally,herbal extracts are analyzed using one or fe...OBJECTIVE Analysis of traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM)supplements has always been a laborious task,particularly in the case of multi-ingredient formulations.Traditionally,herbal extracts are analyzed using one or few markers compounds.In the recent years,however,pharmaceutical companies are introducing health supplements of TCM ingredients to cater to the needs of consumers in the fast-paced society in this age.As such,new problems arise in the aspects of composition identification as well as quality analysis.In most cases of products or supplements formulated with multiple TCM herbs,the chemical composition and nature of each raw material differs greatly from the others in the formulation.This results in a requirement for individual analytical processes in order to identify the marker compounds in the various botanicals.The aim of this study is to establish a rapid and low cost analytical approach using high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)for the analysis of 3 key components of the LAC Liver Protector,a supplement with TCM formulation aimed at improving liver health.METHODS The TCM herbs were extracted with methods derived from Chinese Pharmacopeia standards.The herbal extracts were then applied to HPTLC plates using CAMAG Linomat 5 and developed using fully saturated twin-trough chromatographic chambers.The developed plates were derivatized and documented with CAMAG TLC Visualizer.The images were processed with CAMAG winCATS software to calculate the Rf values and confirm the presence of key constituents of the herbs.RESULTS The 3 key components of LAC Liver Protector product,namely Radix notoginseng,Rhizoma alismatis and Radix paeoniae alba/rubra were identified in all 6 batches of products tested.CONCLUSION With the increasing trend of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)bringing natural products and health supplements into the market,it is crucial that the qualities of both raw materials and end products be well-assured for the protection of consumers.With the technology of HPTLC,science c展开更多
AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iri...AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iridoid fraction from BPE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from aspirin, ethanol, cold-restraint stress(CRS), and pylorus ligation(PL)-induced ulcers. Estimation of the antioxidant enzyme activity was carried out in a CRS-induced ulcer model, and various gastric secretion parameters including volume of gastric juice, acid output, and pH value were estimated in the PL-induced ulcer model. RESULTS: BPE showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effect in PL(18.67%–66.26% protection), aspirin(24.65%–63.25% protection), CRS(20.77%–59.42% protection), and EtOH(16.93%–77.04% protection)-induced ulcers. BPE treatment in PL-rats showed a decrease in acid-pepsin secretion, and enhanced mucin and mucosal glycoproteins. However, BPE reduced the ulcer index with significant decrease in LPO(P < 0.01–0.001), SOD(P < 0.01–0.001), and an increase in CAT(P < 0.01–0.001), activity in the CRS-induced model. CONCLUSION: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.展开更多
Objective:To develop HPTLC fingerprint profile of anti-inflammatory active extract fractions of Tribulus terrestris(family Zygophyllaceae).Methods:The anti-inflammatory activity was tested for the methanol and its fr... Objective:To develop HPTLC fingerprint profile of anti-inflammatory active extract fractions of Tribulus terrestris(family Zygophyllaceae).Methods:The anti-inflammatory activity was tested for the methanol and its fractions(chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous)and chloroform extract of Tribulus terrestris(aerial parts)by injecting different groups of rats(6 each)with carrageenan in hind paw and measuring the edema volume before and 1,2 and 3 h after carrageenan injection.Control group received saline i.p.The extracts treatment was injected i.p.in doses of 200 mg/kg 1 h before carrageenan administration.Indomethacin(30 mg/kg)was used as standard.HPTLC studies were carried out using CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat IV applicator.TLC scanner 3.Reprostar 3,CAMAG ADC 2 and WIN CATS-4 software for the active fractions of chloroform fraction of methanol extract.Results:The methanol extract showed good antiedematous effect with percentage of inhibition more than 72%,indicating its ability to inhibit the inflammatory mediators.The methanol extract was re-dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water and fractionated with chloroform,ethyl acetate and n-butanol.The four fractions(chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous)were subjected to anti-inflammatory activity.Chloroform fraction showed good anti-inflammatory activity at dose of 200 mg/kg.Chloroform fraction was then subjected to normal phase silica gel column chromatography and eluted with petroleum ether-chloroform,chloroform-ethyl acetate mixtures of increasing polarity which produced 15 fractions(F1-F15).Only fractions F1,F2,F4,F5,F7,F9,F11 and F14 were found to be active,hence these were analyzed with HPTLC to develop their finger print profile.These fractions showed different spots with different R_f values.Conclusions:The different chloroform fractions F1,F2,F4,F5,F7,F9,F11 and F14 revealed 4,7,7,8,9,7,7 and 6 major spots,respectively.The results obtained in this experiment strongly support and validate the traditional uses of this Sudanese medi展开更多
Objective:To develop a simple,selective,sensitive and accurate high-performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)method to determine the quantity of hesperidin in different varieties of citrus fruits.Methods:The met... Objective:To develop a simple,selective,sensitive and accurate high-performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)method to determine the quantity of hesperidin in different varieties of citrus fruits.Methods:The method was carried out in aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F<sub>254</sub>plates with ethyl acetate-methanol-water 15:3:2(%,v/v)as mobile phase.Results:A compact band was obtained for hesperidin at R<sub>f</sub> value of(0.40±0.04).The calibration plot was linear in the range of 100-800 ng/spot of hesperidin and the correlation coefficient of 0.9986was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration.Limit of detection(8.87ng/spot),limit of quantification(23.21 ng/spot),accuracy(less than 2%)and recovery(ranging from98.55-99.38)were found satisfactory.Conclusions:The method developed can be used for routine analysis of hesperidin in crude drug as well as in herbal and pharmaceutical dosage form containing citrus fruits as an ingredient.展开更多
文摘Depression is a chronic,recurring and potentially life threatening illness and affects up to 20%of the world population and in the year 2020,depression will become the second most common disease in the world.To find the remedy from nutraceuticals,the present study was designed to evaluate the antidepressant activity of stearic acid(SA)and to quantify its maximum content in different dayold wheat seedlings and wheat grains.Forced swimming test(FST)and tail suspension test(TST)were done to evaluate the antidepressant activity of SA.HPTLC fingerprinting of SA was done in different days(3,5 and 7 d)of wheat seedlings and wheat grains to quantify its maximum content.In the antidepressant study,when compared with the control(326.67±3.02 s),SA showed potential antidepressant activity in TST(131.67±2.60 s)and SA also showed very good antidepressant activity in FST(124.83±5.37 s)when compared with the control(215.83±6.64 s).In HPTLC fingerprinting,the maximum content of SA was identified in 3-d-old wheat seedlings(89.43μg)when compared to wheat grains(84.69μg),5-d-old(86.43μg)and 7-d-old(85.32μg)wheat seedlings.Hence,the present study concludes that SA has a potential antidepressant activity and 3-d-old wheat seedlings are the essential sources of SA among the different dayold wheat seedlings.
文摘Objective: To establish a simple, rapid, precise and accurate high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) method with densitometric detection for the determination of vitexin in Passiflora foetida Linn.(P. foetida).Methods: Ethanolic extract of the plant leaf powder was used for the experimental work.Separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates with ethyl acetate:methanol: distilled water: formic acid in the proportion of 50:2:3:6(v/v), as the mobile phase. The determination was carried out using the densitometric absorbance mode at340 nm.Results: Vitexin response was linear over the range of 2.5–17.5 mg/m L with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. Intraday and interday precision studies showed the relative SD was< 3%. Accuracy of the method was determined and the average recovery was 100.3%.The limit of quantitation and limit of detection were 0.879 and 0.290 mg/m L, respectively.The contents of vitexin in P. foetida leaf extracts were within the range of 0.030%–0.310%.Conclusions: The method was evaluated for sensitivity, accuracy, precision and reproducibility. Each analysis by HPTLC is less expensive than current methods. This method is suitable for routine quality control of raw material of the leaves of P. foetida extract and its products.
基金This work was financially supported by the UGC-UPE-Phase II(No: 2013/PFEP/C3/280) from University of Madras, India.
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging potential and high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) fingerprinting of Indigofera tinctoria(I. tinctoria). Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods, and free radical scavenging activity of the plant was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy(DPPH), nitric oxide(NO) and superoxide anion(O2-)radical scavenging capacities. HPTLC plate was kept in CAMAG TLC Scanner 3 and the Rf values at fingerprint data were recorded by WINCATS software. Aqueous extract of I. tinctoria reliably showed the total phenolics(267.2±2.42 mg/g), flavonoids(75.43±3.36 mg/g) and antioxidants(349.11±8.04 mg/g). The extract was found to have DPPH(52.08%), NO(23.12%) and O2-(26.79%) scavenging activities at the concentration of 250 μg/m L and the results were statistically signi ficant compared with ascorbic acid standard(p<0.05). HPTLC results con firmed that the extract contained several potential active components such as phenols, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids as the slides revealed multi-colored bands of varying intensities. This study confirmed that the plant had multipotential antioxidant and free radicals scavenging activities.
文摘OBJECTIVE Analysis of traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM)supplements has always been a laborious task,particularly in the case of multi-ingredient formulations.Traditionally,herbal extracts are analyzed using one or few markers compounds.In the recent years,however,pharmaceutical companies are introducing health supplements of TCM ingredients to cater to the needs of consumers in the fast-paced society in this age.As such,new problems arise in the aspects of composition identification as well as quality analysis.In most cases of products or supplements formulated with multiple TCM herbs,the chemical composition and nature of each raw material differs greatly from the others in the formulation.This results in a requirement for individual analytical processes in order to identify the marker compounds in the various botanicals.The aim of this study is to establish a rapid and low cost analytical approach using high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)for the analysis of 3 key components of the LAC Liver Protector,a supplement with TCM formulation aimed at improving liver health.METHODS The TCM herbs were extracted with methods derived from Chinese Pharmacopeia standards.The herbal extracts were then applied to HPTLC plates using CAMAG Linomat 5 and developed using fully saturated twin-trough chromatographic chambers.The developed plates were derivatized and documented with CAMAG TLC Visualizer.The images were processed with CAMAG winCATS software to calculate the Rf values and confirm the presence of key constituents of the herbs.RESULTS The 3 key components of LAC Liver Protector product,namely Radix notoginseng,Rhizoma alismatis and Radix paeoniae alba/rubra were identified in all 6 batches of products tested.CONCLUSION With the increasing trend of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)bringing natural products and health supplements into the market,it is crucial that the qualities of both raw materials and end products be well-assured for the protection of consumers.With the technology of HPTLC,science c
基金This research was supported by the Special Fund for Marine Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201005024), NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (U1406402), Qingdao Science & Technology Project (11-2-2-1-hy), and National Science & Technology Support Program of China (2013BAB O1BO2).
基金The authors are thankful to the Director NBRI and Head, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh for providing the necessary facilities.
文摘AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iridoid fraction from BPE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from aspirin, ethanol, cold-restraint stress(CRS), and pylorus ligation(PL)-induced ulcers. Estimation of the antioxidant enzyme activity was carried out in a CRS-induced ulcer model, and various gastric secretion parameters including volume of gastric juice, acid output, and pH value were estimated in the PL-induced ulcer model. RESULTS: BPE showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effect in PL(18.67%–66.26% protection), aspirin(24.65%–63.25% protection), CRS(20.77%–59.42% protection), and EtOH(16.93%–77.04% protection)-induced ulcers. BPE treatment in PL-rats showed a decrease in acid-pepsin secretion, and enhanced mucin and mucosal glycoproteins. However, BPE reduced the ulcer index with significant decrease in LPO(P < 0.01–0.001), SOD(P < 0.01–0.001), and an increase in CAT(P < 0.01–0.001), activity in the CRS-induced model. CONCLUSION: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.
基金Supported by the Deanship of Research in King Saud University(Grant No.RGP-VPP-150)
文摘 Objective:To develop HPTLC fingerprint profile of anti-inflammatory active extract fractions of Tribulus terrestris(family Zygophyllaceae).Methods:The anti-inflammatory activity was tested for the methanol and its fractions(chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous)and chloroform extract of Tribulus terrestris(aerial parts)by injecting different groups of rats(6 each)with carrageenan in hind paw and measuring the edema volume before and 1,2 and 3 h after carrageenan injection.Control group received saline i.p.The extracts treatment was injected i.p.in doses of 200 mg/kg 1 h before carrageenan administration.Indomethacin(30 mg/kg)was used as standard.HPTLC studies were carried out using CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat IV applicator.TLC scanner 3.Reprostar 3,CAMAG ADC 2 and WIN CATS-4 software for the active fractions of chloroform fraction of methanol extract.Results:The methanol extract showed good antiedematous effect with percentage of inhibition more than 72%,indicating its ability to inhibit the inflammatory mediators.The methanol extract was re-dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water and fractionated with chloroform,ethyl acetate and n-butanol.The four fractions(chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous)were subjected to anti-inflammatory activity.Chloroform fraction showed good anti-inflammatory activity at dose of 200 mg/kg.Chloroform fraction was then subjected to normal phase silica gel column chromatography and eluted with petroleum ether-chloroform,chloroform-ethyl acetate mixtures of increasing polarity which produced 15 fractions(F1-F15).Only fractions F1,F2,F4,F5,F7,F9,F11 and F14 were found to be active,hence these were analyzed with HPTLC to develop their finger print profile.These fractions showed different spots with different R_f values.Conclusions:The different chloroform fractions F1,F2,F4,F5,F7,F9,F11 and F14 revealed 4,7,7,8,9,7,7 and 6 major spots,respectively.The results obtained in this experiment strongly support and validate the traditional uses of this Sudanese medi
基金Supported by Deanship of Scientific Research,Salman Bin Abdulaziz University,Al-Kharj,KSA(Grant No.33/S/54)
文摘 Objective:To develop a simple,selective,sensitive and accurate high-performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)method to determine the quantity of hesperidin in different varieties of citrus fruits.Methods:The method was carried out in aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F<sub>254</sub>plates with ethyl acetate-methanol-water 15:3:2(%,v/v)as mobile phase.Results:A compact band was obtained for hesperidin at R<sub>f</sub> value of(0.40±0.04).The calibration plot was linear in the range of 100-800 ng/spot of hesperidin and the correlation coefficient of 0.9986was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration.Limit of detection(8.87ng/spot),limit of quantification(23.21 ng/spot),accuracy(less than 2%)and recovery(ranging from98.55-99.38)were found satisfactory.Conclusions:The method developed can be used for routine analysis of hesperidin in crude drug as well as in herbal and pharmaceutical dosage form containing citrus fruits as an ingredient.