Due to the deep integration of information technology and operational technology,networked control systems are experiencing an increasing risk of international cyber attacks.In practice,industrial cyber security is a ...Due to the deep integration of information technology and operational technology,networked control systems are experiencing an increasing risk of international cyber attacks.In practice,industrial cyber security is a significant topic because current networked control systems are supporting various critical infrastructures to offer vital utility services.By comparing with traditional IT systems,this paper first analyzes the uncontrollable cyber threats and classified attack characteristics,and elaborates the intrinsic vulnerabilities in current networked control systems and novel security challenges in future Industrial Internet.After that,in order to overcome partial vulnerabilities,this paper presents a few representative security mechanisms which have been successfully applied in today’s industrial control systems,and these mechanisms originally improve traditional IT defense technologies from the perspective of industrial availability.Finally,several popular security viewpoints,adequately covering the needs of industrial network structures and service characteristics,are proposed to combine with burgeoning industrial information technologies.We target to provide some helpful security guidelines for both academia and industry,and hope that our insights can further promote in-depth development of industrial cyber security.展开更多
Under the impact of modern life, the traditional culture of Taiwan’s indigenous tribes is not only affected, because the traditional life is not easy and employment is difficult, which also causes the outflow of trib...Under the impact of modern life, the traditional culture of Taiwan’s indigenous tribes is not only affected, because the traditional life is not easy and employment is difficult, which also causes the outflow of tribal population. Therefore, after the establishment of the Taiwan Council of indigenous people (TCIP), tourism development has been listed as an important policy, and it wants to use tourism development to improve the lives of indigenous people and enhance the ability of tribal economic development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of TCIP in developing tribal hot spring demonstration areas in indigenous areas. This study adopts the method of case study to investigate by means of document analysis, field interview and observation. The results of SWOT analysis show that: 1) Advantages: the indigenous tribes are rich in natural resources and have unique cultural characteristics. 2) Weakness: when indigenous people invest in hot spring industry, they will face difficulties in obtaining development funds, lack of land use and hot spring management talents. 3) Opportunities: Because of the prevailing leisure culture in Taiwan, coupled with the relevant laws and policies and plans of the indigenous people, it is guaranteed that the indigenous people can participate in the development plan of the hot spring demonstration area. 4) Threats: The development of the existing hot springs in the indigenous villages and towns is mostly invested by the Han people, so it is difficult for the indigenous people to compete with them. Moreover, they lack the management ability and guidance to enter the competitive market of hot spring development.展开更多
The change of system constantly reshapes the urban form of China after 1949,among which the renewal and transformation of industrial zones is a typical phenomenon in the changing process of urban landscape in recent y...The change of system constantly reshapes the urban form of China after 1949,among which the renewal and transformation of industrial zones is a typical phenomenon in the changing process of urban landscape in recent years,which centrally refl ects the development characteristics of contemporary Chinese cities under new social background.From the perspective of spatial game,this paper takes Chengdu Eastern Suburb Industrial Zone as an example,studies and interprets the changes of urban form and the causes of these changes in the renewal process of the industrial zone on the basis of the existing morphological frame and material landscapes,so then shows the particularity and complexity of the process of urban spatial reconstruction with current Chinese characteristics.展开更多
The industrial importance and the high cost of the commercial amylase require the study of microorganisms that produce these enzymes. For this reason, the objective of this work was to isolate filamentous fungi from a...The industrial importance and the high cost of the commercial amylase require the study of microorganisms that produce these enzymes. For this reason, the objective of this work was to isolate filamentous fungi from a region of the caatinga and evaluate their potential for the production of amylase. Four soil samples were collected from a deactivated dump located in the city of Diamantina, MG, in a region of the caatinga. The analysis of amylolytic production in a submerged medium at the ideal temperature of each microorganism was performed using the saccharification method, and the reducing sugars formed were quantified by DNS. Fourteen filamentous fungi were isolated, which had different morphological aspects. Regarding amylase production, a mean activity of 0.477 U<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>mL<sup>-1</sup> was obtained with the isolates I 1.2.1 and I 4.4.1. These results bring important information regarding the biodiversity of the caatinga, in addition to the isolation of microorganisms that can be used as biological machinery to obtain metabolites with high biotechnological and industrial potential.展开更多
This study undertakes a systematic examination of characteristics of the spatio-temporal evolution of industrial economies in Central Asia from the perspectives of industrial scale,structural rationality,industrial co...This study undertakes a systematic examination of characteristics of the spatio-temporal evolution of industrial economies in Central Asia from the perspectives of industrial scale,structural rationality,industrial competitiveness,and industrial isomorphism.The results show that industrial structures in Central Asian countries are becoming increasingly advanced,with certain differences among them in the characteristics of this evolution.Kazakhstan has long had a tertiary-secondary-primary industrial pattern,and productive services have played an increasingly prominent role in the development of its tertiary industry.The transformation of the industrial structure in Uzbekistan,from a secondary-tertiary-primary pattern at its independence from the Soviet Union to a tertiary-secondary-primary pattern,is apparent.Tajikistan's industrial structure has also changed significantly in recent times.Its secondary industries shrunk while tertiary industries developed rapidly.In Kyrgyzstan,the ratios of secondary and tertiary industries to total industrial output have fluctuated significantly while considerable progress has been made in the service sector.The industrial structure of Turkmenistan is significantly lower than the other countries,and Turkmenistan is the only country in the Central Asian region which still shows a tertiary-secondary-primary industrial pattern.The feasibility and competitiveness of the industrial structures of these five Central Asian countries have different characteristics.Kazakhstan has structural advantages but lags in competitiveness,Uzbekistan is driven by both structural and competitive advantages,Tajikistan enjoys structural advantages while Kyrgyzstan lags behind in competitiveness,and Turkmenistan has a competitiveness-driven economy.Furthermore,values of the similar coefficient index of the three industrial structures in these countries were mostly above 0.95,the coefficients of the secondary industrial subdivisions in some countries were below 0.85,and those of tertiary industrial subdi展开更多
Water pollution has become one of the most pressing health crises in the world. Water pollution control began as early as the late 1800s. In 2008, there were 14,780 municipal wastewater treatment plants operating in t...Water pollution has become one of the most pressing health crises in the world. Water pollution control began as early as the late 1800s. In 2008, there were 14,780 municipal wastewater treatment plants operating in the United States. These plants range in size from a few hundred gallons per day (GPD) to over 1.445 billion gallons (MGD) per day. Wastewater treatment facilities are designed and constructed or upgraded to reduce the amount and diversity of pollutants. This article gives a review of the current industrial wastewater treatment technology in recent years, including treatment principles, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and the corresponding applications. Also, this article reviewed two common biological technologies Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) and Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (ANMBR) technology, by assessing their advantages, disadvantages, and costs, and provides resources for further technical research. This article can serve as a guide for anyone seeking information on innovative and emerging industry wastewater treatment technologies.展开更多
Nowadays, urban transit system has become one of the major forces underlying urban pace transformation via changing accessibility of related land parcels, which leads to the changes of land value and land use structur...Nowadays, urban transit system has become one of the major forces underlying urban pace transformation via changing accessibility of related land parcels, which leads to the changes of land value and land use structure. This paper studied the interaction between land use changes and related transport routes, particular about how different transport routes and road nodes influence the conversion of industrial lands to residential and commercial uses respectively. Taking Changchun, an old industrial city in the rust belt of China as a case of study, we explored and compared the influences of different transport routes and road nodes on industrial land conversion. We found that surrounding the studied transport routes, more industrial lands were replaced by residential lands than by commercial lands. Also, apparent differences exist in the corridor effects of different transport routes(i.e., light rail, expressway and trunk road) and road nodes(i.e., expressway nodes and trunk road nodes) while the industrial lands convert to residential and commercial uses. Our research findings help us to illuminate the interactive relationships between transportation and industrial land conversion in old industrial cities which are undergoing social, economic and the related urban transition in Northeast China.展开更多
This paper constructs a two-sector model to identify the effects of outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)in different countries on China s industrial upgrading and conducts an empirical analysis using provincial-lev...This paper constructs a two-sector model to identify the effects of outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)in different countries on China s industrial upgrading and conducts an empirical analysis using provincial-level panel data from 2003--2015.The results show that China can benefit firom industrial upgrading via OFDI in developed countries by way of reverse technology spillover:This effect is significant in the eastern region,but not in the central and western regions.China can also benefit from industrial upgrading via OFDI in developing countries and countries along the Belt and Road through marginal industrial transfer.This effect is more significant in the central region,followed by the western and eastern regions.Our results imply that China should promote technology-seeking OFDI in developed countries,and enhance efficiency-seeking OFDI in developing countries,especially in countries along the Belt and Road.展开更多
Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible for increasing risk for chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of industrial zone air pollution on Masoro commun...Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible for increasing risk for chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of industrial zone air pollution on Masoro community and identify some health problems which are experienced in the communities. The key informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique and random sampling based on polluted areas. During this research, Kibagabaga hospital was consulted to identify different illness associated with air pollution in Ndera industrial zone. Respondents illustrated that a great part of emission came from industry, related activities and vehicles. The findings from the hospital illustrated that the respiratory, hypertension and diabetes dominated the illness in community due to air pollution from industrial zone, which was confirmed in this research with reference to the survey results. Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental threats and has been implicated for several adverse cardiovascular effects including arterial hypertension and diabetes. Air contamination provokes oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and autonomic nervous system imbalance that subsequently induce endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction leading to increased blood pressure. The respondents confirmed that the communities are aware of pollution and experienced the consequences of pollution such as cancer and other complicated illness.展开更多
With rapid globalization,industrial parks are playing an increasingly important role in the national and regional development.Since the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)was put forward,national-level overseas industrial p...With rapid globalization,industrial parks are playing an increasingly important role in the national and regional development.Since the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)was put forward,national-level overseas industrial parks of China have emerged with new development features and trends.It is of great importance to carry out a comparative study on domestic and overseas industrial parks of China.Based on the perspective of spatiotemporal evolution,this paper compares and analyzes national-level overseas industrial parks along the Belt and Road(B&R)and domestic industrial parks of China.In time,China’s industrial parks have experienced four stages with distinctive state-led characteristic.There are different development paths and modes for overseas industrial parks along the B&R and domestic industrial parks.In space,the national-level overseas industrial parks are invested and constructed by Chinese enterprises(mostly from the coastal developed cities),and mainly distributed in the countries along the B&R.Through typical cases comparison of Thai-Chinese Rayong Industrial Zone and Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area,the paper finds that national-level overseas industrial parks are basically market-driven and concentrated in traditional advantageous industries,while domestic industrial parks are mainly government-led high-tech industries.Localization of overseas industrial parks and remote coupling with domestic industrial parks become very important.展开更多
Architecture has long sought to improve both in terms of form,space and other elements.Meanwhile,the use of innovative techniques that enhance design is always one of the concerns in the field of design.Biomimetic and...Architecture has long sought to improve both in terms of form,space and other elements.Meanwhile,the use of innovative techniques that enhance design is always one of the concerns in the field of design.Biomimetic and Nature-Friendly architecture have always inspired by natural organisms aims to emphasize harmony with the environment.From another approach,contemporary industrial architecture has a valuable place in this knowledge,and the restoration and preservation of this heritage is a serious subject.Using attractive methods like an integration of new technology and monumental heritage lead to a profound impact.To this end,designing a canopy using an interactive and kinetic pattern to value this theme can be effective on sustainable development goals in area.This canopy which is inspired by biomimetic pattern and natural potentials from the site,responses to external motivation and adapts its kinetic movements to follow human interactions.The innovative techniques are involved with choosing a precise geometrical frame and order,kinetic patterns suitable for the project and finally fabrication of an scale model from actual dimensions.By choosing a suitable site that houses building of contemporary industrial architecture such as a railway station,this paper aims at learning from nature to fulfill industrial heritage legacy retention that is in both physical and spiritual interaction with humans.展开更多
Pig farming is becoming a key industry of China’s rural economy in recent years. The current pig farming is still relatively manual, lack of latest Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and scientific manage...Pig farming is becoming a key industry of China’s rural economy in recent years. The current pig farming is still relatively manual, lack of latest Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and scientific management methods. This paper proposes an industrial internet platform for massive pig farming, namely, IIP4MPF, which aims to leverage intelligent pig breeding, production rate and labor productivity with the use of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data intelligence. We conducted requirement analysis for IIP4MPF using software engineering methods, designed the IIP4MPF system for an integrated solution to digital, interconnected, intelligent pig farming. The practice demonstrates that the IIP4MPF platform significantly improves pig farming industry in pig breeding and productivity.展开更多
Based on the panel data of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper uses the digital inclusive financial index and industrial structure upgrading coefficient of the I...Based on the panel data of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper uses the digital inclusive financial index and industrial structure upgrading coefficient of the Internet Research Center of Peking University as the core explanatory and explained variables to construct a spatial panel. Bin model performs </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">regression</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> analysis on the effect of digital inclusive finance in the upgrading of industrial structure. The results prove that the development of digital inclusive finance in this province and city has significantly promoted the upgrading of the regional industrial structure, and it has a positive overall effect on the upgrading of industrial structure.展开更多
With the degradation of natural resources and environment caused by industrial development in some developing countries,the requirement of implementing a“social ecological”approach to development is imminent.Resourc...With the degradation of natural resources and environment caused by industrial development in some developing countries,the requirement of implementing a“social ecological”approach to development is imminent.Resource and environment carrying capacity provides a means of assessing regional development potential by measuring regional sustainable development in terms of economy,population and resources&environment.This study develops a conceptual framework for resource and environment carrying capacity estimation to support the co-development planning of industries,population and resources&environment.First,the framework constructs an index system for evaluating importance of industry or influence based on the role of industry played in the local socio-economic system.Then,the framework computes the quantitative relations through the importance of local industry,population size and resource utilization and environment effects,and subsequently estimates the resource and environment carrying capacity of the study area.With a particular attention to its land resources,water resources and environment,the Tibet case study shows that:the non-ferrous metal mining,tourism,liquor and refined tea industries play a pillar role in the Tibet’s socio-economic system;under each industrial structure,land resource carrying capacity is the weakest,and water resources carrying capacity is the strongest;to focus on tourism will improve local resource and environment carrying capacity.The research results provide a solid guide for Tibet government’s co-actions in industrial restructuring,ecological protection,and the pursuit of economic development.This study will contribute to bridge the gap between theoretical research and practical applications of resource and environment carrying capacity,and help local governments plan the regional“socio-ecological”sustainable development.展开更多
Several excellent works have been done on the industrial Internet;however,some problems are still ahead,such as reliable security,heterogeneous compatibility,and system efficiency.Information-Centric Networking(ICN),a...Several excellent works have been done on the industrial Internet;however,some problems are still ahead,such as reliable security,heterogeneous compatibility,and system efficiency.Information-Centric Networking(ICN),an emerging paradigm for the future Internet,is expected to address the challenges of the industrial Internet to some extent.An integrated architecture for industrial network and identity resolution in the industrial Internet is proposed in this paper.A framework is also designed for the ICN-based industrial Network And Named Data Networking(NDN)based factory extranet with Software-Defined Networking(SDN).Moreover,an identity resolution architecture in the industrial Internet is proposed based on ICN paradigms with separate resolution nodes or with merging resolution and routing.展开更多
The industrial Internet has germinated with the integration of the traditional industry and information technologies.An identifier is the identification of an object in the industrial Internet.The identifier technolog...The industrial Internet has germinated with the integration of the traditional industry and information technologies.An identifier is the identification of an object in the industrial Internet.The identifier technology is a method to validate the identification of an object and trace it.The identifier is a bridge to connect information islands in the industry,as well as the data basis for building a technology application ecosystem based on identifier resolution.We propose three practical applications and application scenarios of the industrial Internet identifier in this paper.Future applications of identifier resolution in the industrial Internet field are also presented.展开更多
Bioprocessing can help redeem the economic value for avocado (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Persea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;&q...Bioprocessing can help redeem the economic value for avocado (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Persea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">americana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in Uganda. This study reviews the virgin potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. Avocado consists of flesh, seed, and peel. The review indicates that the waste seed and peel are vital for development of high-value products. Both the edible part and waste (peel and seed) can be used for biogas production through a solid-state fermentation process. Biodiesel can be developed using avocado seed oil through a process called transesterification. Avocado oil is a better alternative for biodiesel production compared to waste cooking oil as it requires no further conversions processes for transforming fatty acids to esters. The starch-rich avocado seed is a suitable substrate for bioethanol, pigment and starch production. The high starch content places the avocado fruit as a potential: 1) raw material for the production of bioplastics;2) substrate for bacterial culture media production as opposed to potatoes, cereals, and cassava that double as a staple food. Avocado seeds can also be used for the production of antioxidants relevant for preventing enzymatic browning, thereby increasing product shelf life. Despite the quick wins, there is a need for increased research, financing, personnel training and development of appropriate policies to spur the benefits and untapped potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. The circular economy of avocado waste alone into high-value products could increase gains in the environment and stimulate industrial development, especially the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries in Uganda.展开更多
The current research attempts to prove that the alternatives to energy sources in most of the Arab world and?Iraq is very abundant, such as wind, sunlight and hydropower, as well as some plants that contain energy-sav...The current research attempts to prove that the alternatives to energy sources in most of the Arab world and?Iraq is very abundant, such as wind, sunlight and hydropower, as well as some plants that contain energy-saving oils, such as the interesting “JATROPHA”?which contains a high percentage of oils and is spread in Africa and has been cultivated in some countries of the region currently because they contain this energy which will describe the future of energy Future generations, tremendous energy that should not be wasted it must make the most of them.?These are the most controversial signs where scientific indicators confirm that those who do not have knowledge of contemporary developments in the world is not intensifying their efforts to provide alternatives to energy, whose traditional sources are sure to be implemented sooner or later, and they have become one of the important steps for discussion and for most of the countries in the region. Surely they must prepare to move to the new class of servant class for the developed world. In light of this problem and the importance of what I mentioned above, the research aims to discover the importance of alternative energy sources in Iraq to?achieve economic, environmental and civilizational returns. The important research hypothesis is summarized by the extent of the contribution of the industrial organizations researched in Basra in the use of alternative energy (clean and renewable) in order to achieve an increase in economic and social returns and reduce the causes of environmental damage.展开更多
The development of science and technology is the key to changing human life and promoting social and economic development.As a product of technological development,the widespread application of communication technolog...The development of science and technology is the key to changing human life and promoting social and economic development.As a product of technological development,the widespread application of communication technology has brought a brand new“dawn”to the development of human society.5G wireless communication technology is an advanced wireless communication technology that has recently developed.With the advantages of low energy consumption and high network speed,5G technology has shown very bright development prospects in various fields today.Government,operators and equipment providers are actively promoting and deploying 5G technology,and all links in the industry chain are mature.It is expected that the future market size will reach 17 trillion,especially in today’s industrial field,the application of 5G technology will further enhance work efficiency,ensure work quality,and promote good development in the industrial field.Based on this,this paper will study the development of 5G wireless technology in the industrial field,so as to provide corresponding reference for the good application of 5G technology in the industrial field.展开更多
Soils and other solid wastes from industrial areas of Nasirabad, Chattogram are usually dumped or used for land development. Information about the radioactivity level presented on these soil and wastes enables one to ...Soils and other solid wastes from industrial areas of Nasirabad, Chattogram are usually dumped or used for land development. Information about the radioactivity level presented on these soil and wastes enables one to assess any possible radiological hazard to humankind by the use of such materials. A total of 37 (31 soils and 6 solid waste) samples near from different types of industries along four kilometre range were collected. The presence and activity concentrations of naturally occurred radioactive materials (NORM) and anthropogenic radionuclides in the samples were estimated using HPGe detector of 40% relative efficiency. The activity concentration of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K were found to be ranging from 8 ± 2 to 131 ± 18.33 with an average of 21 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup>, 10 ± 2.69 to 133 ± 15.96 with an average of 40 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup> and 81 ± 22.68 to 930 ± 260.40 with an average of 449 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup> respectively. Besides this, some hazard indices like, the radium equivalent activity (<em>Ra<sub>eq</sub></em>), external hazard index (<em>H<sub>ex</sub></em>), internal hazard index (<em>Hi<sub>n</sub></em>), and the activity concentration index (<em>I</em><sub>y</sub>) were calculated to assess the radiation hazard in this region. The averages of calculated hazard indices were within the normal limits, except the activity concentration index, which shows elevated values. The outcomes of this study could serve as important baseline radiological data for future epidemiological studies and environmental monitoring initiatives in the study area.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program under Grant No.2018YFA0701604the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province under Grant No.2019-MS-149.
文摘Due to the deep integration of information technology and operational technology,networked control systems are experiencing an increasing risk of international cyber attacks.In practice,industrial cyber security is a significant topic because current networked control systems are supporting various critical infrastructures to offer vital utility services.By comparing with traditional IT systems,this paper first analyzes the uncontrollable cyber threats and classified attack characteristics,and elaborates the intrinsic vulnerabilities in current networked control systems and novel security challenges in future Industrial Internet.After that,in order to overcome partial vulnerabilities,this paper presents a few representative security mechanisms which have been successfully applied in today’s industrial control systems,and these mechanisms originally improve traditional IT defense technologies from the perspective of industrial availability.Finally,several popular security viewpoints,adequately covering the needs of industrial network structures and service characteristics,are proposed to combine with burgeoning industrial information technologies.We target to provide some helpful security guidelines for both academia and industry,and hope that our insights can further promote in-depth development of industrial cyber security.
文摘Under the impact of modern life, the traditional culture of Taiwan’s indigenous tribes is not only affected, because the traditional life is not easy and employment is difficult, which also causes the outflow of tribal population. Therefore, after the establishment of the Taiwan Council of indigenous people (TCIP), tourism development has been listed as an important policy, and it wants to use tourism development to improve the lives of indigenous people and enhance the ability of tribal economic development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of TCIP in developing tribal hot spring demonstration areas in indigenous areas. This study adopts the method of case study to investigate by means of document analysis, field interview and observation. The results of SWOT analysis show that: 1) Advantages: the indigenous tribes are rich in natural resources and have unique cultural characteristics. 2) Weakness: when indigenous people invest in hot spring industry, they will face difficulties in obtaining development funds, lack of land use and hot spring management talents. 3) Opportunities: Because of the prevailing leisure culture in Taiwan, coupled with the relevant laws and policies and plans of the indigenous people, it is guaranteed that the indigenous people can participate in the development plan of the hot spring demonstration area. 4) Threats: The development of the existing hot springs in the indigenous villages and towns is mostly invested by the Han people, so it is difficult for the indigenous people to compete with them. Moreover, they lack the management ability and guidance to enter the competitive market of hot spring development.
文摘The change of system constantly reshapes the urban form of China after 1949,among which the renewal and transformation of industrial zones is a typical phenomenon in the changing process of urban landscape in recent years,which centrally refl ects the development characteristics of contemporary Chinese cities under new social background.From the perspective of spatial game,this paper takes Chengdu Eastern Suburb Industrial Zone as an example,studies and interprets the changes of urban form and the causes of these changes in the renewal process of the industrial zone on the basis of the existing morphological frame and material landscapes,so then shows the particularity and complexity of the process of urban spatial reconstruction with current Chinese characteristics.
文摘The industrial importance and the high cost of the commercial amylase require the study of microorganisms that produce these enzymes. For this reason, the objective of this work was to isolate filamentous fungi from a region of the caatinga and evaluate their potential for the production of amylase. Four soil samples were collected from a deactivated dump located in the city of Diamantina, MG, in a region of the caatinga. The analysis of amylolytic production in a submerged medium at the ideal temperature of each microorganism was performed using the saccharification method, and the reducing sugars formed were quantified by DNS. Fourteen filamentous fungi were isolated, which had different morphological aspects. Regarding amylase production, a mean activity of 0.477 U<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>mL<sup>-1</sup> was obtained with the isolates I 1.2.1 and I 4.4.1. These results bring important information regarding the biodiversity of the caatinga, in addition to the isolation of microorganisms that can be used as biological machinery to obtain metabolites with high biotechnological and industrial potential.
基金The Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS,No.XDA20040400National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41801114。
文摘This study undertakes a systematic examination of characteristics of the spatio-temporal evolution of industrial economies in Central Asia from the perspectives of industrial scale,structural rationality,industrial competitiveness,and industrial isomorphism.The results show that industrial structures in Central Asian countries are becoming increasingly advanced,with certain differences among them in the characteristics of this evolution.Kazakhstan has long had a tertiary-secondary-primary industrial pattern,and productive services have played an increasingly prominent role in the development of its tertiary industry.The transformation of the industrial structure in Uzbekistan,from a secondary-tertiary-primary pattern at its independence from the Soviet Union to a tertiary-secondary-primary pattern,is apparent.Tajikistan's industrial structure has also changed significantly in recent times.Its secondary industries shrunk while tertiary industries developed rapidly.In Kyrgyzstan,the ratios of secondary and tertiary industries to total industrial output have fluctuated significantly while considerable progress has been made in the service sector.The industrial structure of Turkmenistan is significantly lower than the other countries,and Turkmenistan is the only country in the Central Asian region which still shows a tertiary-secondary-primary industrial pattern.The feasibility and competitiveness of the industrial structures of these five Central Asian countries have different characteristics.Kazakhstan has structural advantages but lags in competitiveness,Uzbekistan is driven by both structural and competitive advantages,Tajikistan enjoys structural advantages while Kyrgyzstan lags behind in competitiveness,and Turkmenistan has a competitiveness-driven economy.Furthermore,values of the similar coefficient index of the three industrial structures in these countries were mostly above 0.95,the coefficients of the secondary industrial subdivisions in some countries were below 0.85,and those of tertiary industrial subdi
文摘Water pollution has become one of the most pressing health crises in the world. Water pollution control began as early as the late 1800s. In 2008, there were 14,780 municipal wastewater treatment plants operating in the United States. These plants range in size from a few hundred gallons per day (GPD) to over 1.445 billion gallons (MGD) per day. Wastewater treatment facilities are designed and constructed or upgraded to reduce the amount and diversity of pollutants. This article gives a review of the current industrial wastewater treatment technology in recent years, including treatment principles, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and the corresponding applications. Also, this article reviewed two common biological technologies Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) and Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (ANMBR) technology, by assessing their advantages, disadvantages, and costs, and provides resources for further technical research. This article can serve as a guide for anyone seeking information on innovative and emerging industry wastewater treatment technologies.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41871158)。
文摘Nowadays, urban transit system has become one of the major forces underlying urban pace transformation via changing accessibility of related land parcels, which leads to the changes of land value and land use structure. This paper studied the interaction between land use changes and related transport routes, particular about how different transport routes and road nodes influence the conversion of industrial lands to residential and commercial uses respectively. Taking Changchun, an old industrial city in the rust belt of China as a case of study, we explored and compared the influences of different transport routes and road nodes on industrial land conversion. We found that surrounding the studied transport routes, more industrial lands were replaced by residential lands than by commercial lands. Also, apparent differences exist in the corridor effects of different transport routes(i.e., light rail, expressway and trunk road) and road nodes(i.e., expressway nodes and trunk road nodes) while the industrial lands convert to residential and commercial uses. Our research findings help us to illuminate the interactive relationships between transportation and industrial land conversion in old industrial cities which are undergoing social, economic and the related urban transition in Northeast China.
基金support from the National Social Science Fund of China(No.19BJY178).
文摘This paper constructs a two-sector model to identify the effects of outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)in different countries on China s industrial upgrading and conducts an empirical analysis using provincial-level panel data from 2003--2015.The results show that China can benefit firom industrial upgrading via OFDI in developed countries by way of reverse technology spillover:This effect is significant in the eastern region,but not in the central and western regions.China can also benefit from industrial upgrading via OFDI in developing countries and countries along the Belt and Road through marginal industrial transfer.This effect is more significant in the central region,followed by the western and eastern regions.Our results imply that China should promote technology-seeking OFDI in developed countries,and enhance efficiency-seeking OFDI in developing countries,especially in countries along the Belt and Road.
文摘Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible for increasing risk for chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of industrial zone air pollution on Masoro community and identify some health problems which are experienced in the communities. The key informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique and random sampling based on polluted areas. During this research, Kibagabaga hospital was consulted to identify different illness associated with air pollution in Ndera industrial zone. Respondents illustrated that a great part of emission came from industry, related activities and vehicles. The findings from the hospital illustrated that the respiratory, hypertension and diabetes dominated the illness in community due to air pollution from industrial zone, which was confirmed in this research with reference to the survey results. Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental threats and has been implicated for several adverse cardiovascular effects including arterial hypertension and diabetes. Air contamination provokes oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and autonomic nervous system imbalance that subsequently induce endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction leading to increased blood pressure. The respondents confirmed that the communities are aware of pollution and experienced the consequences of pollution such as cancer and other complicated illness.
基金Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China,No.19ZDA086。
文摘With rapid globalization,industrial parks are playing an increasingly important role in the national and regional development.Since the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)was put forward,national-level overseas industrial parks of China have emerged with new development features and trends.It is of great importance to carry out a comparative study on domestic and overseas industrial parks of China.Based on the perspective of spatiotemporal evolution,this paper compares and analyzes national-level overseas industrial parks along the Belt and Road(B&R)and domestic industrial parks of China.In time,China’s industrial parks have experienced four stages with distinctive state-led characteristic.There are different development paths and modes for overseas industrial parks along the B&R and domestic industrial parks.In space,the national-level overseas industrial parks are invested and constructed by Chinese enterprises(mostly from the coastal developed cities),and mainly distributed in the countries along the B&R.Through typical cases comparison of Thai-Chinese Rayong Industrial Zone and Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area,the paper finds that national-level overseas industrial parks are basically market-driven and concentrated in traditional advantageous industries,while domestic industrial parks are mainly government-led high-tech industries.Localization of overseas industrial parks and remote coupling with domestic industrial parks become very important.
文摘Architecture has long sought to improve both in terms of form,space and other elements.Meanwhile,the use of innovative techniques that enhance design is always one of the concerns in the field of design.Biomimetic and Nature-Friendly architecture have always inspired by natural organisms aims to emphasize harmony with the environment.From another approach,contemporary industrial architecture has a valuable place in this knowledge,and the restoration and preservation of this heritage is a serious subject.Using attractive methods like an integration of new technology and monumental heritage lead to a profound impact.To this end,designing a canopy using an interactive and kinetic pattern to value this theme can be effective on sustainable development goals in area.This canopy which is inspired by biomimetic pattern and natural potentials from the site,responses to external motivation and adapts its kinetic movements to follow human interactions.The innovative techniques are involved with choosing a precise geometrical frame and order,kinetic patterns suitable for the project and finally fabrication of an scale model from actual dimensions.By choosing a suitable site that houses building of contemporary industrial architecture such as a railway station,this paper aims at learning from nature to fulfill industrial heritage legacy retention that is in both physical and spiritual interaction with humans.
文摘Pig farming is becoming a key industry of China’s rural economy in recent years. The current pig farming is still relatively manual, lack of latest Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and scientific management methods. This paper proposes an industrial internet platform for massive pig farming, namely, IIP4MPF, which aims to leverage intelligent pig breeding, production rate and labor productivity with the use of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data intelligence. We conducted requirement analysis for IIP4MPF using software engineering methods, designed the IIP4MPF system for an integrated solution to digital, interconnected, intelligent pig farming. The practice demonstrates that the IIP4MPF platform significantly improves pig farming industry in pig breeding and productivity.
文摘Based on the panel data of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper uses the digital inclusive financial index and industrial structure upgrading coefficient of the Internet Research Center of Peking University as the core explanatory and explained variables to construct a spatial panel. Bin model performs </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">regression</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> analysis on the effect of digital inclusive finance in the upgrading of industrial structure. The results prove that the development of digital inclusive finance in this province and city has significantly promoted the upgrading of the regional industrial structure, and it has a positive overall effect on the upgrading of industrial structure.
基金National Key Research and Development Program,No.2016YFC0503506The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA19040401。
文摘With the degradation of natural resources and environment caused by industrial development in some developing countries,the requirement of implementing a“social ecological”approach to development is imminent.Resource and environment carrying capacity provides a means of assessing regional development potential by measuring regional sustainable development in terms of economy,population and resources&environment.This study develops a conceptual framework for resource and environment carrying capacity estimation to support the co-development planning of industries,population and resources&environment.First,the framework constructs an index system for evaluating importance of industry or influence based on the role of industry played in the local socio-economic system.Then,the framework computes the quantitative relations through the importance of local industry,population size and resource utilization and environment effects,and subsequently estimates the resource and environment carrying capacity of the study area.With a particular attention to its land resources,water resources and environment,the Tibet case study shows that:the non-ferrous metal mining,tourism,liquor and refined tea industries play a pillar role in the Tibet’s socio-economic system;under each industrial structure,land resource carrying capacity is the weakest,and water resources carrying capacity is the strongest;to focus on tourism will improve local resource and environment carrying capacity.The research results provide a solid guide for Tibet government’s co-actions in industrial restructuring,ecological protection,and the pursuit of economic development.This study will contribute to bridge the gap between theoretical research and practical applications of resource and environment carrying capacity,and help local governments plan the regional“socio-ecological”sustainable development.
基金supported in part by National Key Research&Development Project(Grant No.2019YFB1804400)the MIIT of China 2019(Innovative Identification and Resolution System for Industrial Internet of Things).
文摘Several excellent works have been done on the industrial Internet;however,some problems are still ahead,such as reliable security,heterogeneous compatibility,and system efficiency.Information-Centric Networking(ICN),an emerging paradigm for the future Internet,is expected to address the challenges of the industrial Internet to some extent.An integrated architecture for industrial network and identity resolution in the industrial Internet is proposed in this paper.A framework is also designed for the ICN-based industrial Network And Named Data Networking(NDN)based factory extranet with Software-Defined Networking(SDN).Moreover,an identity resolution architecture in the industrial Internet is proposed based on ICN paradigms with separate resolution nodes or with merging resolution and routing.
文摘The industrial Internet has germinated with the integration of the traditional industry and information technologies.An identifier is the identification of an object in the industrial Internet.The identifier technology is a method to validate the identification of an object and trace it.The identifier is a bridge to connect information islands in the industry,as well as the data basis for building a technology application ecosystem based on identifier resolution.We propose three practical applications and application scenarios of the industrial Internet identifier in this paper.Future applications of identifier resolution in the industrial Internet field are also presented.
文摘Bioprocessing can help redeem the economic value for avocado (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Persea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">americana</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in Uganda. This study reviews the virgin potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. Avocado consists of flesh, seed, and peel. The review indicates that the waste seed and peel are vital for development of high-value products. Both the edible part and waste (peel and seed) can be used for biogas production through a solid-state fermentation process. Biodiesel can be developed using avocado seed oil through a process called transesterification. Avocado oil is a better alternative for biodiesel production compared to waste cooking oil as it requires no further conversions processes for transforming fatty acids to esters. The starch-rich avocado seed is a suitable substrate for bioethanol, pigment and starch production. The high starch content places the avocado fruit as a potential: 1) raw material for the production of bioplastics;2) substrate for bacterial culture media production as opposed to potatoes, cereals, and cassava that double as a staple food. Avocado seeds can also be used for the production of antioxidants relevant for preventing enzymatic browning, thereby increasing product shelf life. Despite the quick wins, there is a need for increased research, financing, personnel training and development of appropriate policies to spur the benefits and untapped potential of avocado bioprocessing in Uganda. The circular economy of avocado waste alone into high-value products could increase gains in the environment and stimulate industrial development, especially the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries in Uganda.
文摘The current research attempts to prove that the alternatives to energy sources in most of the Arab world and?Iraq is very abundant, such as wind, sunlight and hydropower, as well as some plants that contain energy-saving oils, such as the interesting “JATROPHA”?which contains a high percentage of oils and is spread in Africa and has been cultivated in some countries of the region currently because they contain this energy which will describe the future of energy Future generations, tremendous energy that should not be wasted it must make the most of them.?These are the most controversial signs where scientific indicators confirm that those who do not have knowledge of contemporary developments in the world is not intensifying their efforts to provide alternatives to energy, whose traditional sources are sure to be implemented sooner or later, and they have become one of the important steps for discussion and for most of the countries in the region. Surely they must prepare to move to the new class of servant class for the developed world. In light of this problem and the importance of what I mentioned above, the research aims to discover the importance of alternative energy sources in Iraq to?achieve economic, environmental and civilizational returns. The important research hypothesis is summarized by the extent of the contribution of the industrial organizations researched in Basra in the use of alternative energy (clean and renewable) in order to achieve an increase in economic and social returns and reduce the causes of environmental damage.
文摘The development of science and technology is the key to changing human life and promoting social and economic development.As a product of technological development,the widespread application of communication technology has brought a brand new“dawn”to the development of human society.5G wireless communication technology is an advanced wireless communication technology that has recently developed.With the advantages of low energy consumption and high network speed,5G technology has shown very bright development prospects in various fields today.Government,operators and equipment providers are actively promoting and deploying 5G technology,and all links in the industry chain are mature.It is expected that the future market size will reach 17 trillion,especially in today’s industrial field,the application of 5G technology will further enhance work efficiency,ensure work quality,and promote good development in the industrial field.Based on this,this paper will study the development of 5G wireless technology in the industrial field,so as to provide corresponding reference for the good application of 5G technology in the industrial field.
文摘Soils and other solid wastes from industrial areas of Nasirabad, Chattogram are usually dumped or used for land development. Information about the radioactivity level presented on these soil and wastes enables one to assess any possible radiological hazard to humankind by the use of such materials. A total of 37 (31 soils and 6 solid waste) samples near from different types of industries along four kilometre range were collected. The presence and activity concentrations of naturally occurred radioactive materials (NORM) and anthropogenic radionuclides in the samples were estimated using HPGe detector of 40% relative efficiency. The activity concentration of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>40</sup>K were found to be ranging from 8 ± 2 to 131 ± 18.33 with an average of 21 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup>, 10 ± 2.69 to 133 ± 15.96 with an average of 40 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup> and 81 ± 22.68 to 930 ± 260.40 with an average of 449 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg<sup>-1</sup> respectively. Besides this, some hazard indices like, the radium equivalent activity (<em>Ra<sub>eq</sub></em>), external hazard index (<em>H<sub>ex</sub></em>), internal hazard index (<em>Hi<sub>n</sub></em>), and the activity concentration index (<em>I</em><sub>y</sub>) were calculated to assess the radiation hazard in this region. The averages of calculated hazard indices were within the normal limits, except the activity concentration index, which shows elevated values. The outcomes of this study could serve as important baseline radiological data for future epidemiological studies and environmental monitoring initiatives in the study area.