This research paper aims at studying the impact of lockdown on the dynamics of novel Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19)emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Perceiving the pandemic situation throughout the world...This research paper aims at studying the impact of lockdown on the dynamics of novel Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19)emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Perceiving the pandemic situation throughout the world,Government of India restricted international passenger traffic through land check post(Liang,2020)and imposed complete lockdown in the country on 24 March 2020.To study the impact of lockdown on disease dynamics we consider a three-dimensional mathematical model using nonlinear ordinary differential equations.The proposed model has been studied using stability theory of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.Basic reproduction ratio is computed and significant parameters responsible to keep basic reproduction ratio less than one are identified.The study reveals that disease vanishes from the system only if complete lockdown is imposed otherwise disease will always persist in the population.However,disease can be kept under control by implementing contact tracing and quarantine measures as well along with lockdown if lockdown is imposed partially.展开更多
The most appropriate heteroskedastic models for predicting volatility of daily stocks prices of 10 major Nigerian banks are proposed. The banks are Access, United Bank for Africa (UBA), Guaranty Trust, Skye, Diamond, ...The most appropriate heteroskedastic models for predicting volatility of daily stocks prices of 10 major Nigerian banks are proposed. The banks are Access, United Bank for Africa (UBA), Guaranty Trust, Skye, Diamond, Fidelity, Sterling,?Union, ETI and Zenith banks;and these are examined from 2004 to 2014.?The models employed are Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (ARCH(1)), Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH(1, 1)),?Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic?(EGARCH(1, 1))?and Glosten, Jagananthan and Runkle-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic?(GJR-GARCH(1, 1)). The results show that all the?bank returns are highly leptokurtic, significantly skewed and thus non-normal across the four periods except for Fidelity bank during financial crises;findings similar to those of other global markets. Also noticed is the strong evidence for the presence of heteroscedasticity, and that volatility persistence during crisis?is?higher than before the crisis across the 10 banks, with that of UBA taking the lead, about 11 times higher during the crisis. The same with persistence?levels in volatility, which were relatively higher during financial crises across the ten banks compared to before the crises.?Findings further indicate that Asymmetric GARCH models outperformed the symmetric GARCH models, especially during the financial crises and post the crises. Thus with these findings, one could generally conclude that Nigerian banks’?returns are volatility persistent during and after the crises, and are characterized by leverage effects of negative and positive shocks during these periods.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the complex dynamics of two-species Ricker-type discrete-time competitive model. We perform a local stability analysis for the fixed points and we will discuss about its persistence for b...In this paper, we investigate the complex dynamics of two-species Ricker-type discrete-time competitive model. We perform a local stability analysis for the fixed points and we will discuss about its persistence for boundary fixed points. This system inherits the dynamics of one-dimensional Ricker model such as cascade of period-doubling bifurcation, periodic windows and chaos. We explore the existence of chaos for the equilibrium points for a specific case of this system using Marotto theorem and proving the existence of snap-back repeller. We use several dynamical systems tools to demonstrate the qualitative behaviors of the system.展开更多
This paper established a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type IV stochastic predator-prey model with Lévy noise and impulsive toxicant input. We study the stability in distribution of solutions by inequality te...This paper established a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type IV stochastic predator-prey model with Lévy noise and impulsive toxicant input. We study the stability in distribution of solutions by inequality techniques and ergodic method. By comparison method and It<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>’s formula, we obtain the sufficient conditions for the survival of each species. Some numerical simulations are introduced to show the theoretical results.展开更多
The rapidly increasing volume of goodwill assets in the capital market generates potential risks due to the possibility of an untimely recognition of goodwill impairment.In this paper,we investigate the financial cons...The rapidly increasing volume of goodwill assets in the capital market generates potential risks due to the possibility of an untimely recognition of goodwill impairment.In this paper,we investigate the financial consequences of goodwill impairment avoidance based on firms’future performance and stock prices.Using Chinese A-share listed firms with goodwill balances,we find that avoiding goodwill impairments negatively affects a firm’s performance growth and increases its risk of a future stock price crash.These adverse effects continue for the three years following the goodwill impairment avoidance.Our results indicate that goodwill impairment avoidance has detrimental impacts on a firm’s future performance and stock price and that these impacts are persistent.Our conclusions are helpful for regulators on how to prevent the risks hidden in goodwill impairment recognition and maintain the stable development of the financial market.展开更多
Objective Long-term seroprotection via the hepatitis A vaccine is essential for the prevention of disease from the hepatitis A virus(HAV).Due to documented difficulties during decade-long follow-ups after receiving va...Objective Long-term seroprotection via the hepatitis A vaccine is essential for the prevention of disease from the hepatitis A virus(HAV).Due to documented difficulties during decade-long follow-ups after receiving vaccines,statistical-modeling approaches have been applied to predict the duration of immune protection.Methods Based on five-year follow-up data from a randomized positive-controlled trial among Chinese children(1–8 years old)following a 0,6 months vaccination schedule,a power-law model accounting for the kinetics of B-cell turnover,as well as a modified power-law model considering a memory-B-cell subpopulation,were fitted to predict the long-term immune responses induced by HAV vaccination(Healive or Havrix).Anti-HAV levels of each individual and seroconversion rates up to 30 years after vaccination were predicted.Results A total of 375 participants who completed the two-dose vaccination were included in the analysis.Both models predicted that,over a life-long period,participants vaccinated with Healive would have close but slightly higher antibody titers than those of participants vaccinated with Havrix.Additionally,consistent with previous studies,more than 90%of participants were predicted to maintain seroconversion for at least 30 years.Moreover,the modified power-law model predicted that the antibody titers would reach a plateau level after nearly 15 years post-vaccination.Conclusions Based on the results of our modeling,Healive may adequately induce long-term immune responses following a 0,6 months vaccination schedule in children via induction of memory B cells to provide stable and durable immune protection.展开更多
文摘This research paper aims at studying the impact of lockdown on the dynamics of novel Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19)emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Perceiving the pandemic situation throughout the world,Government of India restricted international passenger traffic through land check post(Liang,2020)and imposed complete lockdown in the country on 24 March 2020.To study the impact of lockdown on disease dynamics we consider a three-dimensional mathematical model using nonlinear ordinary differential equations.The proposed model has been studied using stability theory of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.Basic reproduction ratio is computed and significant parameters responsible to keep basic reproduction ratio less than one are identified.The study reveals that disease vanishes from the system only if complete lockdown is imposed otherwise disease will always persist in the population.However,disease can be kept under control by implementing contact tracing and quarantine measures as well along with lockdown if lockdown is imposed partially.
文摘The most appropriate heteroskedastic models for predicting volatility of daily stocks prices of 10 major Nigerian banks are proposed. The banks are Access, United Bank for Africa (UBA), Guaranty Trust, Skye, Diamond, Fidelity, Sterling,?Union, ETI and Zenith banks;and these are examined from 2004 to 2014.?The models employed are Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (ARCH(1)), Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH(1, 1)),?Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic?(EGARCH(1, 1))?and Glosten, Jagananthan and Runkle-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic?(GJR-GARCH(1, 1)). The results show that all the?bank returns are highly leptokurtic, significantly skewed and thus non-normal across the four periods except for Fidelity bank during financial crises;findings similar to those of other global markets. Also noticed is the strong evidence for the presence of heteroscedasticity, and that volatility persistence during crisis?is?higher than before the crisis across the 10 banks, with that of UBA taking the lead, about 11 times higher during the crisis. The same with persistence?levels in volatility, which were relatively higher during financial crises across the ten banks compared to before the crises.?Findings further indicate that Asymmetric GARCH models outperformed the symmetric GARCH models, especially during the financial crises and post the crises. Thus with these findings, one could generally conclude that Nigerian banks’?returns are volatility persistent during and after the crises, and are characterized by leverage effects of negative and positive shocks during these periods.
文摘In this paper, we investigate the complex dynamics of two-species Ricker-type discrete-time competitive model. We perform a local stability analysis for the fixed points and we will discuss about its persistence for boundary fixed points. This system inherits the dynamics of one-dimensional Ricker model such as cascade of period-doubling bifurcation, periodic windows and chaos. We explore the existence of chaos for the equilibrium points for a specific case of this system using Marotto theorem and proving the existence of snap-back repeller. We use several dynamical systems tools to demonstrate the qualitative behaviors of the system.
文摘This paper established a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type IV stochastic predator-prey model with Lévy noise and impulsive toxicant input. We study the stability in distribution of solutions by inequality techniques and ergodic method. By comparison method and It<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>’s formula, we obtain the sufficient conditions for the survival of each species. Some numerical simulations are introduced to show the theoretical results.
基金Projects funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11771104)Guangxi Graduate Education and Innovation Program Project(XYCSZ2019083,JGY2019030)Projects supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2018GXNSFAA294084,2018GXNSFBA281140)。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,china(Project No.71672204)
文摘The rapidly increasing volume of goodwill assets in the capital market generates potential risks due to the possibility of an untimely recognition of goodwill impairment.In this paper,we investigate the financial consequences of goodwill impairment avoidance based on firms’future performance and stock prices.Using Chinese A-share listed firms with goodwill balances,we find that avoiding goodwill impairments negatively affects a firm’s performance growth and increases its risk of a future stock price crash.These adverse effects continue for the three years following the goodwill impairment avoidance.Our results indicate that goodwill impairment avoidance has detrimental impacts on a firm’s future performance and stock price and that these impacts are persistent.Our conclusions are helpful for regulators on how to prevent the risks hidden in goodwill impairment recognition and maintain the stable development of the financial market.
基金sub-project of National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of China for‘Significant New Drugs Development’[2015ZX09501008-004]。
文摘Objective Long-term seroprotection via the hepatitis A vaccine is essential for the prevention of disease from the hepatitis A virus(HAV).Due to documented difficulties during decade-long follow-ups after receiving vaccines,statistical-modeling approaches have been applied to predict the duration of immune protection.Methods Based on five-year follow-up data from a randomized positive-controlled trial among Chinese children(1–8 years old)following a 0,6 months vaccination schedule,a power-law model accounting for the kinetics of B-cell turnover,as well as a modified power-law model considering a memory-B-cell subpopulation,were fitted to predict the long-term immune responses induced by HAV vaccination(Healive or Havrix).Anti-HAV levels of each individual and seroconversion rates up to 30 years after vaccination were predicted.Results A total of 375 participants who completed the two-dose vaccination were included in the analysis.Both models predicted that,over a life-long period,participants vaccinated with Healive would have close but slightly higher antibody titers than those of participants vaccinated with Havrix.Additionally,consistent with previous studies,more than 90%of participants were predicted to maintain seroconversion for at least 30 years.Moreover,the modified power-law model predicted that the antibody titers would reach a plateau level after nearly 15 years post-vaccination.Conclusions Based on the results of our modeling,Healive may adequately induce long-term immune responses following a 0,6 months vaccination schedule in children via induction of memory B cells to provide stable and durable immune protection.