Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity o...Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km~2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.展开更多
In Taekwondo competitions,the competition venues,the on-the-spot environment and the athletes'own tension and other factors have certain effects on the athletes'sports performances.Therefore,through the formul...In Taekwondo competitions,the competition venues,the on-the-spot environment and the athletes'own tension and other factors have certain effects on the athletes'sports performances.Therefore,through the formulation of the training plans during the competition period,we should ensure the adequate sleep,the reasonable diet,the adequate preparation activities,and the sufficient psychological preparation before the competitions,so that athletes can achieve excellent results.Based on the analysis of the pre-competition computer simulation training methods,this paper puts forward several specific research strategies.展开更多
High-fidelity cargo airdrop simulation requires the contact dynamics between an aircraft and a cargo to be modeled accurately. This paper presents a general and efficient contact-friction model for simulation of aircr...High-fidelity cargo airdrop simulation requires the contact dynamics between an aircraft and a cargo to be modeled accurately. This paper presents a general and efficient contact-friction model for simulation of aircraft-cargo coupling dynamics during airdrops. The proposed approach has the same essence as that of the finite element node-to-segment contact formulation, which leads to a flexible, straight forward, and efficient code implementation. The formulation is developed under an arbitrary moving frame with both the aircraft and the cargo being treated as general six-degree-of-freedom rigid bodies, and thus it eliminates the restrictions of lateral symmetric assumptions in most existing methods. Moreover, the aircraft-cargo coupling algorithm is discussed in detail, and some practical implementation details are presented. The accuracy and capability of the present method are demonstrated through three numerical examples with increasing complexity and fidelity.展开更多
We perform a computational simulation of the fluid dynamics of sodium doublet(Na-D)line emissions from one sonoluminescing bubble among the cavitation bubbles in argon-saturated Na hydroxide(NaOH)aqueous solutions.Our...We perform a computational simulation of the fluid dynamics of sodium doublet(Na-D)line emissions from one sonoluminescing bubble among the cavitation bubbles in argon-saturated Na hydroxide(NaOH)aqueous solutions.Our simulation includes the distributions of acoustic pressures and the dynamics of cavitation bubbles by numerically solving the cavitation dynamic equation and bubble-pulsation equation.The simulation results demonstrate that when the maximum temperature inside a luminescing bubble is relatively low,two emission peaks from excited Na are prominent within the emission spectra,at wavelengths of 589.0 and 589.6 nm.As the maximum temperature of the bubble increases,the two peaks merge into one peak and the full width at half maximum of this peak increases.These calculations match with the observations of Na-D line emissions from MBSL occurring in aqueous solutions of NaOH under an argon gas.展开更多
Basing on discrete event simulation, a reliability simulation algorithm of the phased-mission system with multiple states is put forth. Firstly, the concepts and main characters of phasedmission system are discussed, ...Basing on discrete event simulation, a reliability simulation algorithm of the phased-mission system with multiple states is put forth. Firstly, the concepts and main characters of phasedmission system are discussed, and an active and standby redundancy (AS) tree structure method to describe the system structure of each mission phase is brought forward. Secondly, the behavior of the phased-mission system with multiple states is discussed with the theory of state chart. Thirdly, basing on the discrete event simulation concept, a simulation algorithm to estimate reliability parameters of the phased-mission system with multiple states is explored. Finally, an example is introduced and analyzed, and the analysis result verifies the algorithms. The simulation algorithm is practical and versatile, for it can model complex behavior of phased-mission system flexibly, and more reliability parameters to understand system operation can be attained.展开更多
Resistance prediction of ships using computational fluid dynamics has gained popularity over the years because of its high accuracy and low cost. This paper conducts numerical estimations of the ship resistance and mo...Resistance prediction of ships using computational fluid dynamics has gained popularity over the years because of its high accuracy and low cost. This paper conducts numerical estimations of the ship resistance and motion of a Japan bulk carrier model using SHIP_Motion, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RaNS)-based solver, and HydroSTAR, a commercial potential flow (PF)-based solver. The RaNS solver uses an overset-structured mesh and discretizes the flow field using the finite volume method, while the PF-based solver applies the three-dimensional panel method. In the calm water test, the total drag coefficient, sinkage, and trim were predicted using the RaNS solver following mesh dependency analysis, and the results were compared with the available experimental data. Next, calm water resistance was investigated for a range of Froude numbers. The added resistance in short-wave cases was simulated using both RaNS and PF solvers, and the results were compared. The PF solver showed better agreement with the RaNS solver for predicting motion responses than for predicting added resistance. While the added resistance results could not be directly validated because of the absence of experimental data, considering the previous accuracy of the RaNS solver in added resistance prediction and general added resistance profile of similar hull forms (bulk carriers), the prediction results could be concluded to be reliable.展开更多
Large eddy simulation (LES) explicitly calculates the large-scale vortex field and parameterizes the small-scale vortices.In this study,LES and κ-ε models were developed for a specific geometrical configuration of b...Large eddy simulation (LES) explicitly calculates the large-scale vortex field and parameterizes the small-scale vortices.In this study,LES and κ-ε models were developed for a specific geometrical configuration of backward-facing step (BFS).The simulation results were validated with particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements and direct numerical simulation (DNS).This LES simulation was carried out with a Reynolds number of 9000 in a pressurized water tunnel with an expansion ratio of 2.00.The results indicate that the LES model can reveal largescale vortex motion although with a larger grid-cell size.However,the LES model tends to overestimate the top wall separation and the Reynolds stress components for the BFS flow simulation without a sufficiently fine grid.Overall,LES is a potential tool for simulating separated flow controlled by large-scale vortices.展开更多
This work aims at evaluating the reliability of the GEANT4 (GEometry ANd Tracking 4) Monte Carlo (MC) toolkit in calculating the power deposition on the Megawatt Pilot Experiment (MEGAPIE), the first liquid– metal sp...This work aims at evaluating the reliability of the GEANT4 (GEometry ANd Tracking 4) Monte Carlo (MC) toolkit in calculating the power deposition on the Megawatt Pilot Experiment (MEGAPIE), the first liquid– metal spallation target worldwide. A new choice of codes to study and optimize this target is provided. The evaluation of the GEANT4 toolkit is carried out in comparison with the MCNPX and FLUKA MC codes. The MEGAPIE is an international project led by the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. It aims to demonstrate the safe operation of an intense neutron source to power the next generation of nuclear reactors, accelerator-driven systems (ADSs). In this study, we used the GEANT4 MC toolkit to calculate the power deposited by fast protons on the MEGAPIE target. The calculation focuses on several structures and regions. The predictions of our calculations were compared and discussed with that of the MCNPX and FLUKA codes, adopted by the MEGAPIE project. The comparison shows that there is a very good agreement between our results and those of the reference codes.展开更多
We perform a systematic determinant quantum Monte Carlo(DQMC) study of the dominating pairing symmetry in a doped honeycomb lattice.The Hubbard model is simulated over a full range of filling levels for both weak and ...We perform a systematic determinant quantum Monte Carlo(DQMC) study of the dominating pairing symmetry in a doped honeycomb lattice.The Hubbard model is simulated over a full range of filling levels for both weak and strong interactions.For weak couplings, the d-wave state dominates.The effective susceptibility as a function of filling shows a peak, and its position moves toward half filling as the temperature is increased, from which the optimal filling of the superconducting ground state is estimated.Although the sign problem becomes severe for strong couplings, the simulations access the lowest temperature at which the DQMC method generates reliable results.As the coupling is strengthened, the d-wave state is enhanced in the high-filling region.Our systematic DQMC results provide new insights into the superconducting pairing symmetry in the doped honeycomb lattice.展开更多
基金supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program(863)of China(No.2014AA06A513)the Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation+2 种基金the Project of Heavy Metal Risk Warning and Phytoremediation in Mining Concentrated Area(No.GJHZ201308)the Special Fund for Environment Protection Research in the Public Interest(No.201409044)the Study on Heavy Metal Accumulation Risk and Early Warning in Typical Ore Concentration Area(No.201111020-4).
文摘Lateral transportation of soil heavy metals in rainfall events could significantly increase the scope of pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model with high accuracy to simulate the migration quantity of heavy metals. A model for heavy metal migration simulation was developed based on the SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. This model took into consideration the influence of soil p H value, soil particle size, runoff volume, sediment amount,concentration of water-soluble heavy metals dissolved in runoff and insoluble absorbed to the soil particles. This model was reasonable in Huanjiang watershed, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, south China, covering an area of 273 km~2. The optimal drainage area threshold was determined by analyzing the effects of watershed subdivision on the simulation results to ensure the simulation accuracy. The main conclusions of this paper were:(1) watershed subdivision could affect simulation migration quantity of heavy metals;(2) the quantity of heavy metals transported by sediment accounted for 97%–99% of the total migration quantity in the study watershed. Therefore, sediment played the most important role in heavy metal migration;(3) the optimal drainage area threshold percentage to ensure high simulation accuracy was determined to be 2.01% of the total watershed;(4) with the optimal threshold percentage, this model could simulate the migration quantity of As, Pb and Cd accurately at the total watershed and subwatershed level. The results of this paper were useful for identifying the key regions with heavy metal migration.
文摘In Taekwondo competitions,the competition venues,the on-the-spot environment and the athletes'own tension and other factors have certain effects on the athletes'sports performances.Therefore,through the formulation of the training plans during the competition period,we should ensure the adequate sleep,the reasonable diet,the adequate preparation activities,and the sufficient psychological preparation before the competitions,so that athletes can achieve excellent results.Based on the analysis of the pre-competition computer simulation training methods,this paper puts forward several specific research strategies.
文摘High-fidelity cargo airdrop simulation requires the contact dynamics between an aircraft and a cargo to be modeled accurately. This paper presents a general and efficient contact-friction model for simulation of aircraft-cargo coupling dynamics during airdrops. The proposed approach has the same essence as that of the finite element node-to-segment contact formulation, which leads to a flexible, straight forward, and efficient code implementation. The formulation is developed under an arbitrary moving frame with both the aircraft and the cargo being treated as general six-degree-of-freedom rigid bodies, and thus it eliminates the restrictions of lateral symmetric assumptions in most existing methods. Moreover, the aircraft-cargo coupling algorithm is discussed in detail, and some practical implementation details are presented. The accuracy and capability of the present method are demonstrated through three numerical examples with increasing complexity and fidelity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11864007,11564006 and 11574150the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guizhou Province under Grant No[2018]5769.
文摘We perform a computational simulation of the fluid dynamics of sodium doublet(Na-D)line emissions from one sonoluminescing bubble among the cavitation bubbles in argon-saturated Na hydroxide(NaOH)aqueous solutions.Our simulation includes the distributions of acoustic pressures and the dynamics of cavitation bubbles by numerically solving the cavitation dynamic equation and bubble-pulsation equation.The simulation results demonstrate that when the maximum temperature inside a luminescing bubble is relatively low,two emission peaks from excited Na are prominent within the emission spectra,at wavelengths of 589.0 and 589.6 nm.As the maximum temperature of the bubble increases,the two peaks merge into one peak and the full width at half maximum of this peak increases.These calculations match with the observations of Na-D line emissions from MBSL occurring in aqueous solutions of NaOH under an argon gas.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(6117415661273189+5 种基金6117403561374179U14352186140340171401168)the Army Equipment Research Foundation(012016012600B12507).
文摘Basing on discrete event simulation, a reliability simulation algorithm of the phased-mission system with multiple states is put forth. Firstly, the concepts and main characters of phasedmission system are discussed, and an active and standby redundancy (AS) tree structure method to describe the system structure of each mission phase is brought forward. Secondly, the behavior of the phased-mission system with multiple states is discussed with the theory of state chart. Thirdly, basing on the discrete event simulation concept, a simulation algorithm to estimate reliability parameters of the phased-mission system with multiple states is explored. Finally, an example is introduced and analyzed, and the analysis result verifies the algorithms. The simulation algorithm is practical and versatile, for it can model complex behavior of phased-mission system flexibly, and more reliability parameters to understand system operation can be attained.
文摘Resistance prediction of ships using computational fluid dynamics has gained popularity over the years because of its high accuracy and low cost. This paper conducts numerical estimations of the ship resistance and motion of a Japan bulk carrier model using SHIP_Motion, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RaNS)-based solver, and HydroSTAR, a commercial potential flow (PF)-based solver. The RaNS solver uses an overset-structured mesh and discretizes the flow field using the finite volume method, while the PF-based solver applies the three-dimensional panel method. In the calm water test, the total drag coefficient, sinkage, and trim were predicted using the RaNS solver following mesh dependency analysis, and the results were compared with the available experimental data. Next, calm water resistance was investigated for a range of Froude numbers. The added resistance in short-wave cases was simulated using both RaNS and PF solvers, and the results were compared. The PF solver showed better agreement with the RaNS solver for predicting motion responses than for predicting added resistance. While the added resistance results could not be directly validated because of the absence of experimental data, considering the previous accuracy of the RaNS solver in added resistance prediction and general added resistance profile of similar hull forms (bulk carriers), the prediction results could be concluded to be reliable.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51379128).
文摘Large eddy simulation (LES) explicitly calculates the large-scale vortex field and parameterizes the small-scale vortices.In this study,LES and κ-ε models were developed for a specific geometrical configuration of backward-facing step (BFS).The simulation results were validated with particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements and direct numerical simulation (DNS).This LES simulation was carried out with a Reynolds number of 9000 in a pressurized water tunnel with an expansion ratio of 2.00.The results indicate that the LES model can reveal largescale vortex motion although with a larger grid-cell size.However,the LES model tends to overestimate the top wall separation and the Reynolds stress components for the BFS flow simulation without a sufficiently fine grid.Overall,LES is a potential tool for simulating separated flow controlled by large-scale vortices.
文摘This work aims at evaluating the reliability of the GEANT4 (GEometry ANd Tracking 4) Monte Carlo (MC) toolkit in calculating the power deposition on the Megawatt Pilot Experiment (MEGAPIE), the first liquid– metal spallation target worldwide. A new choice of codes to study and optimize this target is provided. The evaluation of the GEANT4 toolkit is carried out in comparison with the MCNPX and FLUKA MC codes. The MEGAPIE is an international project led by the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. It aims to demonstrate the safe operation of an intense neutron source to power the next generation of nuclear reactors, accelerator-driven systems (ADSs). In this study, we used the GEANT4 MC toolkit to calculate the power deposited by fast protons on the MEGAPIE target. The calculation focuses on several structures and regions. The predictions of our calculations were compared and discussed with that of the MCNPX and FLUKA codes, adopted by the MEGAPIE project. The comparison shows that there is a very good agreement between our results and those of the reference codes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11774019, 11504067, 11574032, and 11734002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0300304)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. HIT.NSRIF.2019057).
文摘We perform a systematic determinant quantum Monte Carlo(DQMC) study of the dominating pairing symmetry in a doped honeycomb lattice.The Hubbard model is simulated over a full range of filling levels for both weak and strong interactions.For weak couplings, the d-wave state dominates.The effective susceptibility as a function of filling shows a peak, and its position moves toward half filling as the temperature is increased, from which the optimal filling of the superconducting ground state is estimated.Although the sign problem becomes severe for strong couplings, the simulations access the lowest temperature at which the DQMC method generates reliable results.As the coupling is strengthened, the d-wave state is enhanced in the high-filling region.Our systematic DQMC results provide new insights into the superconducting pairing symmetry in the doped honeycomb lattice.