A reversible disulfide bond-based self-healing polyurethane with triple shape memory properties was prepared by chain extending of random copolymer poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)(PCLA), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)...A reversible disulfide bond-based self-healing polyurethane with triple shape memory properties was prepared by chain extending of random copolymer poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)(PCLA), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), and 4,4,-aminophenyl disulfide. The chemical structures were characterized using JH nuclear magnetic resonance (^1H-NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal properties, selfhealing properties, triple-shape memory effect, and quantitative shape memory response were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, two-step programming process thermal mechanical experiments, and subsequent progressive thermal recovery. The self-healing mechanism and procedures were investigated using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and an optical profiler. It was concluded that self-healing properties (up to 60%) and triple-shape memory properties around 35 and 50℃(with shape fixation ratios of 94.3% and 98.3%, shape recovery ratios of 76.6% and 85.1%, respectively) were integrated to the shape memory polyurethane. As-prepared polyurethane is expected to have potential applications in multi-shape coatings, films, and step-by-step deploying structures.展开更多
Problem of search of universal system of formalization the knowledge is discussed.Philisophical,mathematical,cybernetic and computing aspects of its problem are analyzed.Foundation of polymetrical analysis as variant ...Problem of search of universal system of formalization the knowledge is discussed.Philisophical,mathematical,cybernetic and computing aspects of its problem are analyzed.Foundation of polymetrical analysis as variant of resolution of this problem is represented.We show that this system allowed resolving S.Beer centurial problem in cybernetics.Also it allowed creating the natural(operational)approach in the foundation of mathematics and system concept of computing science.展开更多
This paper attempts to shed light on the current role of academia in the context of rural areas of low population density, which are regional interaction models. In this study, we follow a qualitative research methodo...This paper attempts to shed light on the current role of academia in the context of rural areas of low population density, which are regional interaction models. In this study, we follow a qualitative research methodology of a case study. We found that through the case study applied to a hotel unit, that the Academia can through its third mission, and in the context of regional triple helix dynamics (Academia-Business-government interaction), play an important role in terms of knowledge dissemination, wealth creation and employability. The limitations, which our study presents, are principally related to the measurement of the variables. Some of the characteristics of education should be studied more deeply. In the instance of a case study applied to the hospitality industry, it is important to take as limitations of the study to its direct application to any economic context. This study allowed however, contribute to the enrichment of literature through case studies presented in the hospitality industry.展开更多
China s grain sectors have faced unprecedented challenges in recent years as the ever-increasing and historically high level of grain output has failed to reduce grain imports. On the contrary, high grain imports and ...China s grain sectors have faced unprecedented challenges in recent years as the ever-increasing and historically high level of grain output has failed to reduce grain imports. On the contrary, high grain imports and high domestic stock have accompanied historically high domestic output, a situation dubbed the "triple high" phenomenon in current policy discussion. This paper explores the role of widening domestic-world market price gaps in determining the triple high phenomenon.Unlike earlier studies that relied on production capacities, this paper argues that domestic production and demand (hence imports) are functions of domestic and world market prices and proposes an analytical framework to explicitly capture such price gaps under restricted trade linkages in general equilibrium. Following this approach, a set of price scenarios for the 2011-2020 period are constructed and simulated in a computable general equilibrium model. Results from the core scenarios, in which recent domestic and world market price trends are assumed to continue, suggest that further widening price gaps would substantially increase grain imports and reduce domestic output (by 60 million tons) and self-sufficiency ratios from base levels. In the alternative scenarios with larger (smaller) price gaps, we find higher (lower) imports and larger (smaller) decreases in domestic output and self-sufficiency ratios. Such results provide important policy implications as China's agricultural policy undergoes significant adjustment.展开更多
To evaluate the effect of triple puncture on primary trigeminal neuralgia (pTN),64 patients with pTN were randomly assigned to two groups:treatment group and control group.The participants in the treatment group recei...To evaluate the effect of triple puncture on primary trigeminal neuralgia (pTN),64 patients with pTN were randomly assigned to two groups:treatment group and control group.The participants in the treatment group received triple puncture treatment of 6 times per week for 4 weeks,and those in control group were given carbamazepine (300-600 mg per day) for at least 1 month.Before and after treatment,the primary outcomes including the total efficiency rate and the VAS pain scores,and the secondary outcomes including the frequency of pain attack and adverse events were observed.Sixty-two participants finished the study (33 in treatment group and 29 in control group individually).After treatment,the symptoms (mainly pain) of the two groups were alleviated.The total efficiency rate in the treatment group and control group was 90.9% and 75.9% respectively.The VAS pain scores and frequency of pain attack were significantly reduced in the treatment group as compared with the control group (P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the treatment group and control group was 9.1% and 24.1% respectively.It can be inferred that triple puncture can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with pTN and has less side effects.展开更多
The accurate equilibrium structures of S3 and S3- are determined by the coupled-cluster method with single, double excitation and perturbative triple excitation(CCSD(T)) with basis sets of aug-cc-pV(n+d)Z(n = T, Q, 5,...The accurate equilibrium structures of S3 and S3- are determined by the coupled-cluster method with single, double excitation and perturbative triple excitation(CCSD(T)) with basis sets of aug-cc-pV(n+d)Z(n = T, Q, 5, or 6), complete basis set extrapolation functions with two-parameters and three-parameters, together with considering the contributions due to the core-valence electron correlation, scalar relativistic effects, spin–orbit coupling, and zero-point vibrational corrections. Our calculations show that both the neutral S3 and anion S3- have open forms with C2r vsymmetry. On the basis of the stable geometries, the adiabatic electron affinity of S3 is determined to be 19041(11) cm-1, which is in excellent agreement with the experimental data(19059(7) cm-1). The dependence of geometries and electron affinity on the computation level and physical corrections is discussed. The present computational results are helpful to the experimental molecular spectroscopy and bonding of S3.展开更多
Phosphorus(P) is a limited resource that could be depleted. Consequently, recycling the P contained in sewage sludge, including sewage sludge incineration ash(SIA), from wastewater treatment plants is a possibility to...Phosphorus(P) is a limited resource that could be depleted. Consequently, recycling the P contained in sewage sludge, including sewage sludge incineration ash(SIA), from wastewater treatment plants is a possibility to be explored. A greenhouse experiment using annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) was performed with an experimental design of three completely randomized blocks of two soils and 29 treatments: one control without P and two levels of 9 and 26 kg total P ha-1 from 14 different sources: twelve SIAs(not contaminated by trace metals) from the US and Canada, one commercial synthetic fertilizer(triple superphosphate(TSP)), and one commercial rock phosphate(RP). Higher ryegrass biomass levels were achieved at the higher fertilization rate(26 kg total P ha-1)and when using the SIAs with the highest P solubility percentage(PSP)(≥ 54% of total P). The biomass increases following SIA application were as high as 29% and 59% more than the control for the sandy loam and clayey soil, respectively, but 40% less than in TSP for both soils. A similar behavior was observed for P uptake, with a maximum increase of 26% for the clayey soil, and 165% for the sandy loam soil. The ryegrass biomass and P uptake increases due to SIA application were larger than those due to RP application in the clayey soil, but similar to those in the sandy loam soil. The SIAs with a PSP of ≥ 54% significantly increased soil available P stocks and saturation. According to our findings, we conclude that the SIAs from municipal and agrifood industries have a potential for P agricultural recycling, but their efficiencies vary.展开更多
目的系统评价芜地溴铵(Umeclidinium,UMEC)与糖皮质激素/长效β2受体激动剂(UMEC/ICS/LABA)三联吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的有效性和安全性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、...目的系统评价芜地溴铵(Umeclidinium,UMEC)与糖皮质激素/长效β2受体激动剂(UMEC/ICS/LABA)三联吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的有效性和安全性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、ClinicalTrail.gov、CBM、VIP、CNKI、WanFang Data等数据库,搜集含UMEC与ICS/LABA三联治疗COPD的随机对照试验,检索时限均从建库至2018年5月28日。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan5.3和R软件进行数据处理分析。结果纳入7个RCT,共13219例患者。UMEC62.5μg/ICS/LABAvs安慰剂(PBO)/ICS/LABA,UMEC62.5μg试验组能显著改善1秒用力呼气量谷值(Trough FEV1)[MD=0.13,95%CI(0.10,0.15),P<0.00001]、0~6小时加权平均1秒用力呼气量(0~6h wmFEV1)[MD=0.16,95%CI(0.14,0.17),P<0.00001]、1秒用力呼气量峰值(PeakFEV1)[MD=0.16,95%CI(0.14,0.18),P<0.00001]、用力肺活量谷值(Trough FVC)[MD=0.21,95%CI(0.19,0.23),P<0.00001]等肺功能评价指标;并能改善生存质量评价指标,如圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分[MD=-1.83,95%CI(-2.31,-1.34),P<0.00001]、过度呼吸困难指数(TDI)评分[MD=0.54,95%CI(0.29,0.78),P<0.00001]、COPD评估测试(CAT)评分[MD=-0.93,95%CI(-1.29,-0.57),P<0.00001];同时,减少救援药物(沙丁胺醇)的使用、降低COPD急性加重率[RR=0.84,95%CI(0.79,0.89),P<0.00001],并且不增加药物相关不良反应[RR=1.00,95%CI(0.90,1.12),P=0.99]。UMEC125μg/ICS/LABAvsPBO/ICS/LABA,UMEC125μg试验组同样能改善肺功能指标和生存质量评价指标,同时能减少救援药物(沙丁胺醇)的使用,但在COPD急性加重方面与对照组差异无统计学意义[RR=0.57,95%CI(0.24,1.37),P=0.21],并增加药物相关不良反应[RR=1.44,95%CI(1.00,2.08),P=0.05]。结论UMEC62.5μg、125μg与ICS/LABA三联吸入治疗COPD能显著改善患者的肺功能,提高患者生存质量,两者差异不明显,且UMEC62.5μg不良反应发生风险低,推荐使用该剂量。受纳入研究数量的限�展开更多
Understanding the origin of ocean island basalts(OIB) has important bearings on Earth’s deep mantle.Although it is widely accepted that subducted oceanic crust, as a consequence of plate tectonics, contributes materi...Understanding the origin of ocean island basalts(OIB) has important bearings on Earth’s deep mantle.Although it is widely accepted that subducted oceanic crust, as a consequence of plate tectonics, contributes material to OIB’s formation, its exact fraction in OIB’s mantle source remains ambiguous largely due to uncertainties associated with existing geochemical proxies. Here we show, through theoretical calculation, that unlike many known proxies, triple oxygen isotope compositions(i.e.△^17 O) in olivine samples are not affected by crystallization and partial melting. This unique feature, therefore, allows olivine △^17 O values to identify subducted oceanic crusts in OIB’s mantle source. Furthermore, the fractions of subducted ocean sediments and hydrothermally altered oceanic crust in OIB’s mantle source can be quantified using their characteristic △^17 O values. Based on published △^17 O data, we estimated the fraction of subducted oceanic crust to be as high as 22.3% in certain OIB, but the affected region in the respective mantle plume is likely to be limited.展开更多
Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is one type of the most aggressive breast can cers with poor prog no sis.It is of great urgency to develop new therapeutics for treati ng TNBC.Based on curre nt treatment guideline a...Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is one type of the most aggressive breast can cers with poor prog no sis.It is of great urgency to develop new therapeutics for treati ng TNBC.Based on curre nt treatment guideline and genetic informatio n of TNBC,a combi nation al therapy platform in tegrati ng chemotherapy drugs and mRNA encoding tumor suppressor proteins may become an efficacious strategy.In this study,we developed paclitaxel amino lipid(PAL)derived nanoparticles(NPs)to incorporate both chemotherapy drugs and P53 mRNA.The PAL P53 mRNA NPs showed superior properties compared to Abraxane? and Lipusu? used in the clinic including high paclitaxel loading capacity(24 wt.%,calculated by paclitaxel in PAL),PAL encapsulation efficiency(94.7%±6.8%)and mRNA encapsulation efficiency(88.7%±0.7%).Meanwhile,these NPs displayed synergetic cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and P53 mRNA in cultured TNBC cells.More importantly,we demonstrated in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of PAL P53 mRNA NPs in an orthotopic TNBC mouse model.Overall,these chemotherapy drugs derived mRNA NPs provide a new platform to integrate chemotherapy and personalized medicine using tumor genetic information,and therefore represent a promising approach for TNBC treatment.展开更多
It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for th...It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for the electronic information industry in Liaoning from 1985 to 2015. This paper analyzes the cooperative innovation network structure, its spatiotemporal evolution and the triple helix relationship of government-industry-university(GIU) by using the social network analysis method and the triple helix theory as well as UCINet, ArcGIS and NetDraw. The empirical results show that: 1) the number of the subjects of the electronic information industry GIU cooperative innovation network in Liaoning demonstrates a gradual increase from 1985 to 2015, with the same trend in concentration. In terms of its subject and its centrality, the universities have a higher position, and the industries have a lower position,while the status of the government is still unclear. 2) The cooperative innovation network presents a core-periphery structure, and the polarization effect of innovation subjects tends to be obvious. There is certain distance-decay regularity in the cooperative innovation network, and a strong geographical proximity to cooperative innovation. 3) The compactness shows a downward trend as a whole. In terms of the extent of participation, the industries are better than the government but worse than the universities. This means that the cooperative innovation network of GIU in the electronic information industry in Liaoning is in the initial stage of formation.展开更多
Forward-/backward-facing steps in boundary-layer flows are often seen in engineering applications,and they have potential impacts on laminar-turbulent tran-sition through scattering of the oncoming instability modes(e...Forward-/backward-facing steps in boundary-layer flows are often seen in engineering applications,and they have potential impacts on laminar-turbulent tran-sition through scattering of the oncoming instability modes(e.g.,Tollmien-Schlichting(T-S)waves).This issue is studied in the present paper by applying a local scatter-ing framework,which is a rather generic mathematical framework on describing the mode scattering process.In this framework,a high-Reynolds-number triple-deck for-malism is employed,and a transmission coefficient,defined as the ratio of the asymptotic amplitude of the instability mode downstream of the step to that upstream,is intro-duced.Through the systematical study,it has been found that both the forward-and backward-facing steps have a destabilizing effect on the oncoming T-S waves in subsonic boundary layers,this effect increases with the height of the step and/or the frequency of the T-S wave,and a backward-facing step(BFS)always has a greater impact than a forward-facing step(FFS).These facts agree with most of the previous investigations.However,one numerical study(WORNER,A.,RIST,U.,andWAGNER,S.Humps/steps influence on stability characteristics of two-dimensional laminar boundary layer.AIAA Journal,41,192–197(2003)),which was based on an ad-hoc configuration,showed an opposite impact of an FFS.Through the investigation on the specific configuration,it is revealed that the wrong conclusion was drawn by misinterpreting the numerical results.展开更多
In order to ascertain the key factors affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ionthruster, the thermal deformation, upstream ion density and component lifetime of the grids aresimulated with finite ...In order to ascertain the key factors affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ionthruster, the thermal deformation, upstream ion density and component lifetime of the grids aresimulated with finite element analysis, fluid simulation and charged-particle tracing simulationmethods on the basis of a 1500 h short lifetime test. The key factor affecting the lifetime of thetriple grids in the LIPS-300 ion thruster is obtained and analyzed through the test results.The results show that ion sputtering erosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode is greater thanin the case of 3 kW. In 5 kW mode, the decelerator grid shows the most serious corrosion, theaccelerator grid shows moderate corrosion, and the screen grid shows the least amount ofcorrosion. With the serious corrosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode, the intercept currentof the acceleration and deceleration grids increases substantially. Meanwhile, the cold gapbetween the accelerator grid and the screen grid decreases from 1 mm to 0.7 mm, while the coldgap between the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid increases from 1 mm to 1.25 mm after1500 h of thruster operation. At equilibrium temperature with 5 kW power, the finite elementmethod (FEM) simulation results show that the hot gap between the screen grid and theaccelerator grid reduces to 0.2 mm. Accordingly, the hot gap between the accelerator grid and thedecelerator grid increases to 1.5 mm. According to the fluid method, the plasma densitysimulated in most regions of the discharge chamber is 1×10^18-8×10^18 m^-3. The upstreamplasma density of the screen grid is in the range 6 ×10^17--6×10^18 m^-3 and displays aparabolic characteristic. The charged particle tracing simulation method results show that the ionbeam current without the thermal deformation of triple grids has optimal perveance status. Theion sputtering rates of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator hole are 5.5 ×10^-14kg s 1and 4.28 ×10^14 kg s^-1, respectively, while after the thermal deformation of the展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy on the inflammatory factors and intestinal mucosal barrier function in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Methods:...Objective: To study the effect of triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy on the inflammatory factors and intestinal mucosal barrier function in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Methods: Patients with cirrhosis combined with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis who were treated in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shehong County between March 2015 and October 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group who accepted triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy and the control group who accepted conventional symptomatic treatment. The levels of inflammatory factors and intestinal mucosal barrier markers in serum as well as the number of intestinal flora in feces were detected before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment. Results: Compared with those of same group before treatment, PCT, CRP, sTREM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, DAO, D-lactic acid, LPS, Occludin and ZO-1 levels in serum as well as the number of enterobacter and enterococcus in feces of both groups of patients were lower whereas the number of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and clostridium leptum were higher after treatment, and PCT, CRP, sTREM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, DAO, D-lactic acid, LPS, Occludin and ZO-1 levels in serum as well as the number of enterobacter and enterococcus in feces of observation group after treatment were lower than those of control group whereas the number of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and clostridium leptum were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy can inhibit the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effects of Weisu Granule combined with triple therapy (esomeprazole, tinidazole and amoxicillin) on gastric mucosal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cadherin E (E-cadherin), serum procalcitonin (...Objective: To observe the effects of Weisu Granule combined with triple therapy (esomeprazole, tinidazole and amoxicillin) on gastric mucosal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cadherin E (E-cadherin), serum procalcitonin (PCT) and gastrin in patients with chronic gastritis. Methods: A total of 90 patients with chronic gastritis were randomly divided into control group and observation group (n=45) according to the lottery method. Both groups were treated with conventional therapy. On this basis, the control group was treated with triple therapy. The observation group was treated with triple therapy combined with Wei Su granule. The levels of COX-2, E-cadherin, procalcitonin and gastrin in peripheral blood were measured before and after treatment in all subjects. Result: There was no significant difference in the levels of gastric mucosal COX-2 and E-cadherin between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of COX-2 and E-cadherin in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. And the observation group was lower than the control group after treatment. There was no significant difference in serum PCT and gastrin levels between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of PCT and gastrin in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. And the observation group was lower than the control group after treatment. Conclusion: Wei Su granule combined with triple therapy in the treatment of chronic gastritis, can effectively reduce the levels of COX-2, E-cadherin, PCT and gastrin, relieve the gastric mucosal injury and symptoms, which is a clinically effective treatment.展开更多
文摘A reversible disulfide bond-based self-healing polyurethane with triple shape memory properties was prepared by chain extending of random copolymer poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)(PCLA), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG), and 4,4,-aminophenyl disulfide. The chemical structures were characterized using JH nuclear magnetic resonance (^1H-NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The thermal properties, selfhealing properties, triple-shape memory effect, and quantitative shape memory response were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, two-step programming process thermal mechanical experiments, and subsequent progressive thermal recovery. The self-healing mechanism and procedures were investigated using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and an optical profiler. It was concluded that self-healing properties (up to 60%) and triple-shape memory properties around 35 and 50℃(with shape fixation ratios of 94.3% and 98.3%, shape recovery ratios of 76.6% and 85.1%, respectively) were integrated to the shape memory polyurethane. As-prepared polyurethane is expected to have potential applications in multi-shape coatings, films, and step-by-step deploying structures.
文摘Problem of search of universal system of formalization the knowledge is discussed.Philisophical,mathematical,cybernetic and computing aspects of its problem are analyzed.Foundation of polymetrical analysis as variant of resolution of this problem is represented.We show that this system allowed resolving S.Beer centurial problem in cybernetics.Also it allowed creating the natural(operational)approach in the foundation of mathematics and system concept of computing science.
文摘This paper attempts to shed light on the current role of academia in the context of rural areas of low population density, which are regional interaction models. In this study, we follow a qualitative research methodology of a case study. We found that through the case study applied to a hotel unit, that the Academia can through its third mission, and in the context of regional triple helix dynamics (Academia-Business-government interaction), play an important role in terms of knowledge dissemination, wealth creation and employability. The limitations, which our study presents, are principally related to the measurement of the variables. Some of the characteristics of education should be studied more deeply. In the instance of a case study applied to the hospitality industry, it is important to take as limitations of the study to its direct application to any economic context. This study allowed however, contribute to the enrichment of literature through case studies presented in the hospitality industry.
基金Zhu and Li acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.71803085 and No.71673142)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2017M621766)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.KJQN201949)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘China s grain sectors have faced unprecedented challenges in recent years as the ever-increasing and historically high level of grain output has failed to reduce grain imports. On the contrary, high grain imports and high domestic stock have accompanied historically high domestic output, a situation dubbed the "triple high" phenomenon in current policy discussion. This paper explores the role of widening domestic-world market price gaps in determining the triple high phenomenon.Unlike earlier studies that relied on production capacities, this paper argues that domestic production and demand (hence imports) are functions of domestic and world market prices and proposes an analytical framework to explicitly capture such price gaps under restricted trade linkages in general equilibrium. Following this approach, a set of price scenarios for the 2011-2020 period are constructed and simulated in a computable general equilibrium model. Results from the core scenarios, in which recent domestic and world market price trends are assumed to continue, suggest that further widening price gaps would substantially increase grain imports and reduce domestic output (by 60 million tons) and self-sufficiency ratios from base levels. In the alternative scenarios with larger (smaller) price gaps, we find higher (lower) imports and larger (smaller) decreases in domestic output and self-sufficiency ratios. Such results provide important policy implications as China's agricultural policy undergoes significant adjustment.
基金This work was supported by Wuhan Young and Middleaged Medical Talents Foundation Project of Hubei Province, China (No.2018116).
文摘To evaluate the effect of triple puncture on primary trigeminal neuralgia (pTN),64 patients with pTN were randomly assigned to two groups:treatment group and control group.The participants in the treatment group received triple puncture treatment of 6 times per week for 4 weeks,and those in control group were given carbamazepine (300-600 mg per day) for at least 1 month.Before and after treatment,the primary outcomes including the total efficiency rate and the VAS pain scores,and the secondary outcomes including the frequency of pain attack and adverse events were observed.Sixty-two participants finished the study (33 in treatment group and 29 in control group individually).After treatment,the symptoms (mainly pain) of the two groups were alleviated.The total efficiency rate in the treatment group and control group was 90.9% and 75.9% respectively.The VAS pain scores and frequency of pain attack were significantly reduced in the treatment group as compared with the control group (P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the treatment group and control group was 9.1% and 24.1% respectively.It can be inferred that triple puncture can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with pTN and has less side effects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11874179,11447194,11574114,and 11874177)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.20180101289JC).
文摘The accurate equilibrium structures of S3 and S3- are determined by the coupled-cluster method with single, double excitation and perturbative triple excitation(CCSD(T)) with basis sets of aug-cc-pV(n+d)Z(n = T, Q, 5, or 6), complete basis set extrapolation functions with two-parameters and three-parameters, together with considering the contributions due to the core-valence electron correlation, scalar relativistic effects, spin–orbit coupling, and zero-point vibrational corrections. Our calculations show that both the neutral S3 and anion S3- have open forms with C2r vsymmetry. On the basis of the stable geometries, the adiabatic electron affinity of S3 is determined to be 19041(11) cm-1, which is in excellent agreement with the experimental data(19059(7) cm-1). The dependence of geometries and electron affinity on the computation level and physical corrections is discussed. The present computational results are helpful to the experimental molecular spectroscopy and bonding of S3.
基金the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)(No.RDCPJ471059-14)the Ministry of Sustainable Development,Environment and the Fight against Climate Change(MDDELCC),Canadathe participating incinerators for their financial support.
文摘Phosphorus(P) is a limited resource that could be depleted. Consequently, recycling the P contained in sewage sludge, including sewage sludge incineration ash(SIA), from wastewater treatment plants is a possibility to be explored. A greenhouse experiment using annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum L.) was performed with an experimental design of three completely randomized blocks of two soils and 29 treatments: one control without P and two levels of 9 and 26 kg total P ha-1 from 14 different sources: twelve SIAs(not contaminated by trace metals) from the US and Canada, one commercial synthetic fertilizer(triple superphosphate(TSP)), and one commercial rock phosphate(RP). Higher ryegrass biomass levels were achieved at the higher fertilization rate(26 kg total P ha-1)and when using the SIAs with the highest P solubility percentage(PSP)(≥ 54% of total P). The biomass increases following SIA application were as high as 29% and 59% more than the control for the sandy loam and clayey soil, respectively, but 40% less than in TSP for both soils. A similar behavior was observed for P uptake, with a maximum increase of 26% for the clayey soil, and 165% for the sandy loam soil. The ryegrass biomass and P uptake increases due to SIA application were larger than those due to RP application in the clayey soil, but similar to those in the sandy loam soil. The SIAs with a PSP of ≥ 54% significantly increased soil available P stocks and saturation. According to our findings, we conclude that the SIAs from municipal and agrifood industries have a potential for P agricultural recycling, but their efficiencies vary.
文摘目的系统评价芜地溴铵(Umeclidinium,UMEC)与糖皮质激素/长效β2受体激动剂(UMEC/ICS/LABA)三联吸入治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的有效性和安全性。方法检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、ClinicalTrail.gov、CBM、VIP、CNKI、WanFang Data等数据库,搜集含UMEC与ICS/LABA三联治疗COPD的随机对照试验,检索时限均从建库至2018年5月28日。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan5.3和R软件进行数据处理分析。结果纳入7个RCT,共13219例患者。UMEC62.5μg/ICS/LABAvs安慰剂(PBO)/ICS/LABA,UMEC62.5μg试验组能显著改善1秒用力呼气量谷值(Trough FEV1)[MD=0.13,95%CI(0.10,0.15),P<0.00001]、0~6小时加权平均1秒用力呼气量(0~6h wmFEV1)[MD=0.16,95%CI(0.14,0.17),P<0.00001]、1秒用力呼气量峰值(PeakFEV1)[MD=0.16,95%CI(0.14,0.18),P<0.00001]、用力肺活量谷值(Trough FVC)[MD=0.21,95%CI(0.19,0.23),P<0.00001]等肺功能评价指标;并能改善生存质量评价指标,如圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分[MD=-1.83,95%CI(-2.31,-1.34),P<0.00001]、过度呼吸困难指数(TDI)评分[MD=0.54,95%CI(0.29,0.78),P<0.00001]、COPD评估测试(CAT)评分[MD=-0.93,95%CI(-1.29,-0.57),P<0.00001];同时,减少救援药物(沙丁胺醇)的使用、降低COPD急性加重率[RR=0.84,95%CI(0.79,0.89),P<0.00001],并且不增加药物相关不良反应[RR=1.00,95%CI(0.90,1.12),P=0.99]。UMEC125μg/ICS/LABAvsPBO/ICS/LABA,UMEC125μg试验组同样能改善肺功能指标和生存质量评价指标,同时能减少救援药物(沙丁胺醇)的使用,但在COPD急性加重方面与对照组差异无统计学意义[RR=0.57,95%CI(0.24,1.37),P=0.21],并增加药物相关不良反应[RR=1.44,95%CI(1.00,2.08),P=0.05]。结论UMEC62.5μg、125μg与ICS/LABA三联吸入治疗COPD能显著改善患者的肺功能,提高患者生存质量,两者差异不明显,且UMEC62.5μg不良反应发生风险低,推荐使用该剂量。受纳入研究数量的限�
基金the strategic priority research program (B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB18010104)and(XDB18010100)Chinese NSF Project (41490635).
文摘Understanding the origin of ocean island basalts(OIB) has important bearings on Earth’s deep mantle.Although it is widely accepted that subducted oceanic crust, as a consequence of plate tectonics, contributes material to OIB’s formation, its exact fraction in OIB’s mantle source remains ambiguous largely due to uncertainties associated with existing geochemical proxies. Here we show, through theoretical calculation, that unlike many known proxies, triple oxygen isotope compositions(i.e.△^17 O) in olivine samples are not affected by crystallization and partial melting. This unique feature, therefore, allows olivine △^17 O values to identify subducted oceanic crusts in OIB’s mantle source. Furthermore, the fractions of subducted ocean sediments and hydrothermally altered oceanic crust in OIB’s mantle source can be quantified using their characteristic △^17 O values. Based on published △^17 O data, we estimated the fraction of subducted oceanic crust to be as high as 22.3% in certain OIB, but the affected region in the respective mantle plume is likely to be limited.
文摘Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is one type of the most aggressive breast can cers with poor prog no sis.It is of great urgency to develop new therapeutics for treati ng TNBC.Based on curre nt treatment guideline and genetic informatio n of TNBC,a combi nation al therapy platform in tegrati ng chemotherapy drugs and mRNA encoding tumor suppressor proteins may become an efficacious strategy.In this study,we developed paclitaxel amino lipid(PAL)derived nanoparticles(NPs)to incorporate both chemotherapy drugs and P53 mRNA.The PAL P53 mRNA NPs showed superior properties compared to Abraxane? and Lipusu? used in the clinic including high paclitaxel loading capacity(24 wt.%,calculated by paclitaxel in PAL),PAL encapsulation efficiency(94.7%±6.8%)and mRNA encapsulation efficiency(88.7%±0.7%).Meanwhile,these NPs displayed synergetic cytotoxicity of paclitaxel and P53 mRNA in cultured TNBC cells.More importantly,we demonstrated in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of PAL P53 mRNA NPs in an orthotopic TNBC mouse model.Overall,these chemotherapy drugs derived mRNA NPs provide a new platform to integrate chemotherapy and personalized medicine using tumor genetic information,and therefore represent a promising approach for TNBC treatment.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41601114)Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education(No.16YJC790080)+1 种基金Social Science Fund of Liaoning Province(No.L17CJL001)Education Project of Liaoning Provincial Department(No.JZ201783606).
文摘It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for the electronic information industry in Liaoning from 1985 to 2015. This paper analyzes the cooperative innovation network structure, its spatiotemporal evolution and the triple helix relationship of government-industry-university(GIU) by using the social network analysis method and the triple helix theory as well as UCINet, ArcGIS and NetDraw. The empirical results show that: 1) the number of the subjects of the electronic information industry GIU cooperative innovation network in Liaoning demonstrates a gradual increase from 1985 to 2015, with the same trend in concentration. In terms of its subject and its centrality, the universities have a higher position, and the industries have a lower position,while the status of the government is still unclear. 2) The cooperative innovation network presents a core-periphery structure, and the polarization effect of innovation subjects tends to be obvious. There is certain distance-decay regularity in the cooperative innovation network, and a strong geographical proximity to cooperative innovation. 3) The compactness shows a downward trend as a whole. In terms of the extent of participation, the industries are better than the government but worse than the universities. This means that the cooperative innovation network of GIU in the electronic information industry in Liaoning is in the initial stage of formation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11472189 and 11772224)。
文摘Forward-/backward-facing steps in boundary-layer flows are often seen in engineering applications,and they have potential impacts on laminar-turbulent tran-sition through scattering of the oncoming instability modes(e.g.,Tollmien-Schlichting(T-S)waves).This issue is studied in the present paper by applying a local scatter-ing framework,which is a rather generic mathematical framework on describing the mode scattering process.In this framework,a high-Reynolds-number triple-deck for-malism is employed,and a transmission coefficient,defined as the ratio of the asymptotic amplitude of the instability mode downstream of the step to that upstream,is intro-duced.Through the systematical study,it has been found that both the forward-and backward-facing steps have a destabilizing effect on the oncoming T-S waves in subsonic boundary layers,this effect increases with the height of the step and/or the frequency of the T-S wave,and a backward-facing step(BFS)always has a greater impact than a forward-facing step(FFS).These facts agree with most of the previous investigations.However,one numerical study(WORNER,A.,RIST,U.,andWAGNER,S.Humps/steps influence on stability characteristics of two-dimensional laminar boundary layer.AIAA Journal,41,192–197(2003)),which was based on an ad-hoc configuration,showed an opposite impact of an FFS.Through the investigation on the specific configuration,it is revealed that the wrong conclusion was drawn by misinterpreting the numerical results.
文摘In order to ascertain the key factors affecting the lifetime of the triple grids in the LIPS-300 ionthruster, the thermal deformation, upstream ion density and component lifetime of the grids aresimulated with finite element analysis, fluid simulation and charged-particle tracing simulationmethods on the basis of a 1500 h short lifetime test. The key factor affecting the lifetime of thetriple grids in the LIPS-300 ion thruster is obtained and analyzed through the test results.The results show that ion sputtering erosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode is greater thanin the case of 3 kW. In 5 kW mode, the decelerator grid shows the most serious corrosion, theaccelerator grid shows moderate corrosion, and the screen grid shows the least amount ofcorrosion. With the serious corrosion of the grids in 5 kW operation mode, the intercept currentof the acceleration and deceleration grids increases substantially. Meanwhile, the cold gapbetween the accelerator grid and the screen grid decreases from 1 mm to 0.7 mm, while the coldgap between the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid increases from 1 mm to 1.25 mm after1500 h of thruster operation. At equilibrium temperature with 5 kW power, the finite elementmethod (FEM) simulation results show that the hot gap between the screen grid and theaccelerator grid reduces to 0.2 mm. Accordingly, the hot gap between the accelerator grid and thedecelerator grid increases to 1.5 mm. According to the fluid method, the plasma densitysimulated in most regions of the discharge chamber is 1×10^18-8×10^18 m^-3. The upstreamplasma density of the screen grid is in the range 6 ×10^17--6×10^18 m^-3 and displays aparabolic characteristic. The charged particle tracing simulation method results show that the ionbeam current without the thermal deformation of triple grids has optimal perveance status. Theion sputtering rates of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator hole are 5.5 ×10^-14kg s 1and 4.28 ×10^14 kg s^-1, respectively, while after the thermal deformation of the
基金Scientific Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Health Department,No:120326.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy on the inflammatory factors and intestinal mucosal barrier function in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Methods: Patients with cirrhosis combined with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis who were treated in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shehong County between March 2015 and October 2017 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group who accepted triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy and the control group who accepted conventional symptomatic treatment. The levels of inflammatory factors and intestinal mucosal barrier markers in serum as well as the number of intestinal flora in feces were detected before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment. Results: Compared with those of same group before treatment, PCT, CRP, sTREM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, DAO, D-lactic acid, LPS, Occludin and ZO-1 levels in serum as well as the number of enterobacter and enterococcus in feces of both groups of patients were lower whereas the number of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and clostridium leptum were higher after treatment, and PCT, CRP, sTREM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ, DAO, D-lactic acid, LPS, Occludin and ZO-1 levels in serum as well as the number of enterobacter and enterococcus in feces of observation group after treatment were lower than those of control group whereas the number of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus and clostridium leptum were higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Triple viable capsule combined with antibiotic therapy can inhibit the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
基金Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Fund(2015D12411).
文摘Objective: To observe the effects of Weisu Granule combined with triple therapy (esomeprazole, tinidazole and amoxicillin) on gastric mucosal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cadherin E (E-cadherin), serum procalcitonin (PCT) and gastrin in patients with chronic gastritis. Methods: A total of 90 patients with chronic gastritis were randomly divided into control group and observation group (n=45) according to the lottery method. Both groups were treated with conventional therapy. On this basis, the control group was treated with triple therapy. The observation group was treated with triple therapy combined with Wei Su granule. The levels of COX-2, E-cadherin, procalcitonin and gastrin in peripheral blood were measured before and after treatment in all subjects. Result: There was no significant difference in the levels of gastric mucosal COX-2 and E-cadherin between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of COX-2 and E-cadherin in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. And the observation group was lower than the control group after treatment. There was no significant difference in serum PCT and gastrin levels between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of PCT and gastrin in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment. And the observation group was lower than the control group after treatment. Conclusion: Wei Su granule combined with triple therapy in the treatment of chronic gastritis, can effectively reduce the levels of COX-2, E-cadherin, PCT and gastrin, relieve the gastric mucosal injury and symptoms, which is a clinically effective treatment.