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Narrow band imaging evaluation of duodenal villi in patients with and without celiac disease:A prospective study 预览
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作者 James H Tabibian Jean F Perrault +3 位作者 Joseph A Murray Konstantinos A Papadakis Felicity T Enders Christopher J Gostout 《世界胃肠内镜杂志:英文版(电子版)》 2019年第2期145-154,共10页
BACKGROUND Duodenal biopsies are commonly obtained during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)but are very often histopathologically normal.Therefore,a more strategic method for evaluating the duodenal mucosa and avoiding ... BACKGROUND Duodenal biopsies are commonly obtained during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)but are very often histopathologically normal.Therefore,a more strategic method for evaluating the duodenal mucosa and avoiding unnecessary biopsies is needed.AIM To examine the clinical utility of narrow band imaging(NBI)for evaluating duodenal villous morphology.METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of adult patients at Mayo Clinic Rochester from 2013-2014 who were referred for EGD with duodenal biopsies.A staff endoscopist scored,in real-time,the NBI-based appearance of duodenal villi into one of three categories(normal,partial villous atrophy,or complete villous atrophy),captured≥2 representative duodenal NBI images,and obtained mucosal biopsies therein.Images were then scored by an advanced endoscopist and gastroenterology fellow,and biopsies(gold standard)by a pathologist,in a masked fashion using the same three-category classification.Performing endoscopist,advanced endoscopist,and fellow NBI scores were compared to histopathology to calculate performance characteristics[sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative,negative predictive value(NPV),and accuracy].Inter-rater agreement was assessed with Cohen’s kappa.RESULTS 112 patients were included.The most common referring indications were dyspepsia(47%),nausea(23%),and suspected celiac disease(14%).Duodenal histopathology scores were:84%normal,11%partial atrophy,and 5%complete atrophy.Performing endoscopist NBI scores were 79%normal,14%partial atrophy,and 6%complete atrophy compared to 91%,5%,and 4%and 70%,24%,and 6%for advanced endoscopist and fellow,respectively.NBI performed favorably for all raters,with a notably high(92%-100%)NPV.NBI score agreement was best between performing endoscopist and fellow(κ=0.65).CONCLUSION NBI facilitates accurate,non-invasive evaluation of duodenal villi.Its high NPV renders it especially useful for foregoing biopsies of histopathologically normal duodenal mucosa. 展开更多
关键词 Endoscopy DIGESTIVE tract Mucosa CELIAC disease MINIMALLY-INVASIVE imaging ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY
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结节性多动脉炎胃肠道受累的临床特点分析
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作者 霍晓聪 李淼 +6 位作者 周佳鑫 吴迪 李菁 徐东 田新平 张奉春 曾小峰 《中华风湿病学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第5期295-299,共5页
目的探讨结节性多动脉炎(PAN)胃肠道受累的临床特点,进一步提高对该病的认识。方法收集2002年3月至2016年9月于北京协和医院住院治疗的PAN患者,根据临床表现和影像学检查结果分为有胃肠道受累和无胃肠道受累,分析2组患者的临床表现、实... 目的探讨结节性多动脉炎(PAN)胃肠道受累的临床特点,进一步提高对该病的认识。方法收集2002年3月至2016年9月于北京协和医院住院治疗的PAN患者,根据临床表现和影像学检查结果分为有胃肠道受累和无胃肠道受累,分析2组患者的临床表现、实验室检查、治疗及转归。采用t检验、χ^2检验进行统计学分析。结果14年间住院治疗的PAN患者共117例。胃肠道受累的患病率为38%(44例),2组患者年龄、性别构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胃肠道受累的临床表现以腹痛(29例,66%)最为常见,其次为消化道出血(10例,23%),脾梗死(3例,7%),胃肠道溃疡(2例,5%),肠梗阻(2例,5%),腹泻(2例,5%),呕吐(1例,2%)。2组比较胃肠道受累组更易出现乏力(27%和11%;χ^2=5.156,P=0.023)和舒张压升高(55%和34%;χ^2=4.647,P=0.031),肾脏受累(34%和18%;χ^2=3.998,P=0.046)和心脏受累(25%和8%;χ^2=6.225,P=0.013)的更多,ESR升高更多(75%和56%;χ^2=4.190,P=0.041)。随访315.8(20.3,441.3)d,胃肠道受累组的复发率更高(23%和8%;χ^2=4.895,P=0.027),出现死亡及脏器不可逆损伤发生率更高(27%和11%,χ^2=5.156,P=0.023)。结论PAN合并胃肠道受累常见,其病情更严重,病情复发和出现死亡或器官不可逆损伤的发生率更高,预后更差,应引起临床医生的关注。 展开更多
关键词 多动脉炎 结节性 胃肠道 体征和症状 消化系统
UPLC-Q-TOF-MS快速检测健胃消化类中成药和保健食品中非法添加的9种化学物质
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作者 冯江江 申兰慧 杨敏智 《中国药师》 CAS 2019年第10期1934-1937,共4页
目的:建立超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱串(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)法快速筛查健胃消化类中成药和保健食品中非法添加的9种化学物质。方法:样品以甲醇为溶剂超声提取后,采用Agilent Zorbax SB C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱分离... 目的:建立超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱串(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)法快速筛查健胃消化类中成药和保健食品中非法添加的9种化学物质。方法:样品以甲醇为溶剂超声提取后,采用Agilent Zorbax SB C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱分离,以甲醇-10 mmol·L^-1乙酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.3 ml·min^-1。采用电喷雾离子化正离子检测模式,以保留时间、精确质量数匹配,结合二级特征碎片离子,实现快速定性筛查,一级准分子离子峰定量检测。结果:9种化学物质在相应的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,r均大于0.999 0,检出限为0.49~1.66 ng·ml^-1,平均回收率均在85.86%~113.04%范围内,RSD均低于7%(n=9)。结论:本法简便、准确、灵敏度高,可用于健胃消化类中成药和保健食品中非法添加的9种化学物质的快速筛查和定量测定。 展开更多
关键词 超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱串联 非法添加 健胃消化 快速筛查 中成药 保健食品
Far North salamander Digestive Tract6Of endocrine cells of immune organization Chemical Research 预览
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作者 Xiaoli Zhao 《探索-植物与动物科学》 2019年第1期19-24,共6页
Application protein-Biotin-Peroxidase complex (ABC) Immune organization Chemical Method of Far North salamander (Salamandrella Keyserlingii) Digestive Tract5-Serotonin (5-HT), Gastrin (Gas), Somatostatin (SS), Pancrea... Application protein-Biotin-Peroxidase complex (ABC) Immune organization Chemical Method of Far North salamander (Salamandrella Keyserlingii) Digestive Tract5-Serotonin (5-HT), Gastrin (Gas), Somatostatin (SS), Pancreatic hyperglycemia (GLU), People pancreatic polypeptide (PP) AndP-Material (SP)6Of endocrine cells of distribution for the study. In this paperDuncanMultiple compare the of methods of endocrine cells in the digestive tract of distribution density the statistical analysis. Results display,5-Serotonin cells in digestive tract the parts were distribution, Gastric body (2.80 ± 0.70) And twelve duodenum (2.60 ± 0.75) Distribution density highest pylori minimum (0.85 ± 0.67);Gastrin cells only distribution in small intestine twelve duodenum (1.85 ± 0.75) Density highest;somatostatin cells distribution in esophageal, gastric body, pylorus, twelve duodenum and ileum the parts and pylorus (2.25 ± 0.64) Distribution density highest;pancreatic hyperglycemia of cells I saw in gastric cardia and gastric body people pancreatic polypeptide Cells andP-Material cells in the whole digestive tract were not detection. Various endocrine cells of form diverse was round, oval, cone-shaped and spindle and. Far North salamander digestive tract endocrine cells of this a kind of density distribution and morphology characteristics and other amphibians and Heilongjiang origin far northern salamander compared both common and have difference, the reason may be and species, feeding habits and habitat environment and factors about. 展开更多
关键词 FAR NORTH SALAMANDER DIGESTIVE TRACT ENDOCRINE cells immune organization chemical
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湿法玉米粉和黄油对肉牛消化及瘤胃发酵性能的影响 预览
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作者 孟艳琴 赵瑞媛 +2 位作者 郭金兰 韩润清 米晓民 《中国饲料》 北大核心 2019年第12期85-88,共4页
文章旨在研究蒸汽压片玉米日粮中添加湿法玉米粉和黄油对肉牛干物质摄入量、消化及瘤胃发酵特性的影响。试验选择24头平均体重为(435±15)kg的肉牛,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复2头牛。试验共设计3种日粮,处理1组为蒸汽压片玉... 文章旨在研究蒸汽压片玉米日粮中添加湿法玉米粉和黄油对肉牛干物质摄入量、消化及瘤胃发酵特性的影响。试验选择24头平均体重为(435±15)kg的肉牛,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复2头牛。试验共设计3种日粮,处理1组为蒸汽压片玉米型,处理2组为蒸汽压片型玉米日粮+25%湿法玉米粉,处理3组为蒸汽压片型玉米日粮+25%湿法玉米粉+3%黄油,试验进行21d。结果:处理3组较处理1组和处理2组显著提高了肉牛每千克体重干物质摄入量(P<0.05)。处理3组肉牛每千克体重有机物摄入量最高(P<0.05)。处理3组和处理1组较处理2组显著提高了中性洗涤纤维表观消化率(P<0.05)。与处理1组和处理2组相比,处理3组显著提高了瘤胃液稀释率和颗粒流动率(P<0.05),而周转时间显著低于处理3组(P<0.05)。处理2组较处理1组和处理3组显著提高了瘤胃pH(P<0.05)。处理1组和处理3组较处理2组显著提高了瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量以及异丁酸含量(P<0.05)。处理3组瘤胃丙酸含量最高(P<0.05),而乙酸与丁酸的比例最低(P<0.05)。综上所述,日粮添加黄油和湿法玉米粉可以提高肉牛的干物质摄入量,提高瘤胃液和颗粒饲料的流动速率及养分的表观消化率,同时提高瘤胃丙酸含量。 展开更多
关键词 肉牛 湿法玉米 黄油 消化 瘤胃发酵
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Feed protein and energy content of Moire gentian grouper juvenile growth,body composition and Digestive Enzyme Activities of influence 预览
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作者 Qingjia Zeng 《探索-水产科学与水产养殖》 2019年第1期13-17,共5页
For explore Moire gentian Grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×E.moara♀)Juvenile feed of the most suitable protein and Of content to fish meal and soybean concentrated protein for protein source,add fish oil constr... For explore Moire gentian Grouper(Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×E.moara♀)Juvenile feed of the most suitable protein and Of content to fish meal and soybean concentrated protein for protein source,add fish oil construction energy gradient preparation crude protein content46%,50% 54%Energy content20.00,20.50And21.00 kJ/gEggs can than22.04 ~ 26.87 mg/KJOf9Group feed numberD1 ~ D9Group feeding initial weight(46.23 ± 0.51) gOf Moire gentian grouper juvenile56 d.Results display protein and energy of interaction role of Moire gentian grouper juvenile weight gain rate influence significantly(P<0.05)Protein and energy increased significantly improve weight gain rate and specific growth rate(P<0.05).Protein and energy of interaction role of protein deposition rate and liver body than influence significantly(P<0.05)Protein increased significantly improve energy retention rate and fat Full Scale(P<0.05)Protein efficiency rise after drop(P<0.05);Energy increased significantly improve protein efficiency and energy retention rate(P<0.05);D6Group protein deposition rate and protein efficiency was significantly higher than that of other group(P<0.05).Protein and energy of interaction role of whole fish and muscle water,crude protein,crude ash no significant influence(P> 0.05)Whole fish and muscle crude protein with feed crude protein increased and increased(P<0.05)Water with energy increased and reduce(P<0.05)Whole fish crude fat with eggs can than reduce and increased(P<0.05).Protein and energy of interaction role of trypsin,lipase and amylase activity significantly(P<0.05)Gastric protease activity with protein content increased and increased(P<0.05)Energy of its no significant influence(P> 0.05);D6Group trypsin activity its with feed egg can than reduce was first increased and then after drop of trend(P<0.05)Energy21.00 kJ/gWhen lipase activity was significantly higher than that of other group(P<0.05).Comprehensive the in set of protein and energy range in Moire gentian grouper juvenile feed50%Crude Protein. 展开更多
关键词 MOIRE GENTIAN GROUPER protein ENERGY EGGS can than body composition DIGESTIVE Fish
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固形物粒度对杂粮浆及山药浆口感和淀粉消化性的影响 预览
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作者 王子逸 张宾佳 +5 位作者 赵思明 牛猛 贾才华 熊善柏 房振 李晶 《中国粮油学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第5期27-32,共6页
以红豆、山药、薏仁为原料,采用不同的破壁工艺,测定相对应的粒度,再用胰酶和糖化酶进行体外消化实验,然后进行相关性分析,选出消化率最高的一种物料进行球磨对消化率的影响实验,最后进行感官评价。结果表明:红豆和薏仁的粒径与消化性... 以红豆、山药、薏仁为原料,采用不同的破壁工艺,测定相对应的粒度,再用胰酶和糖化酶进行体外消化实验,然后进行相关性分析,选出消化率最高的一种物料进行球磨对消化率的影响实验,最后进行感官评价。结果表明:红豆和薏仁的粒径与消化性有显著负相关性,山药和球磨薏仁的粒径与消化性没有相关性;薏仁的消化率最高,山药最低;薏仁球磨后其消化率并未显著增加;感官评价表明薏仁破壁后的口感在任何工艺下都明显好于红豆和山药,主要表现在薏仁破壁后口感更细腻、顺滑,而其他红豆和山药都或多或少有颗粒感、粗糙感。 展开更多
关键词 粒度 消化性 感官评价
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Predictors of rebleeding and in-hospital mortality in patients with nonvariceal upper digestive bleeding 预览
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作者 Daniela Cornelia Lazar Sorin Ursoniu Adrian Goldis 《世界临床病例杂志》 2019年第18期2687-2703,共17页
BACKGROUND Nonvariceal upper digestive bleeding (NVUDB) represents a severe emergency condition and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite a decrease in the incidence due to the widespread use... BACKGROUND Nonvariceal upper digestive bleeding (NVUDB) represents a severe emergency condition and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite a decrease in the incidence due to the widespread use of potent therapy with proton pump inhibitors as well as the implementation of modern endoscopic techniques, the mortality rate associated with NVUDB is still high. AIM To identify the clinical, biological, and endoscopic parameters associated with a poor outcome in patients with NVUDB to allow the stratification of risk, which will lead to the implementation of the most accurate management. METHODS We performed a retrospective study including patients who were admitted to the Gastroenterology Department of Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Romania, with a diagnosis of NVUDB between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016. All the data were collected from the patient’s records, including demographic data, medication history, hemodynamic status, paraclinical tests, and endoscopic features as well as the methods of hemostasis, rate of rebleeding, need for surgery and death;we also assessed the Rockall score of the patients, length of hospitalization and associated comorbidities. All these parameters were evaluated as potential risk factors associated with rebleeding and death in patients with NVUDB.RESULTS We included a batch of 1581 patients with NVUDB, including 523 (33%) females and 1058 (67%) males with a median age of 66 years. The main cause of NVUDB was peptic ulcer (73% of patients). More than one-third of the patients needed endoscopic treatment. Rebleeding rate was 7.72%;surgery due to failure of endoscopic hemostasis was needed in 3.22% of cases;the in-hospital mortality rate was 8.09%, and the bleeding-episode-related mortality rate was 2.97%. Although our predictive models for rebleeding and death had a low sensitivity, the specificity was very high, suggesting a better discriminative capacity for identifying patients with better outcomes. Our results showed that the Rockall sco 展开更多
关键词 Nonvariceal UPPER DIGESTIVE BLEEDING Risk factors REBLEEDING DEATH Outcome
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Crohn’s disease of esophagus,stomach and duodenum 预览
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作者 Andréa Maia Pimentel Raquel Rocha Genoile Oliveira Santana 《世界胃肠药理与治疗学杂志:英文版(电子版)》 2019年第2期35-49,共15页
Crohn’s disease with involvement of the esophagus,stomach and duodenum has a prevalence of 0.5%to 4%in symptomatic adult patients,but some studies have shown that these results may be underestimated,since upper gastr... Crohn’s disease with involvement of the esophagus,stomach and duodenum has a prevalence of 0.5%to 4%in symptomatic adult patients,but some studies have shown that these results may be underestimated,since upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is not performed routinely in the initial evaluation of the disease in adult patients,as it is in the pediatric population.In general,involvement of the upper gastrointestinal tract in Crohn’s disease occurs concomitantly with involvement of the lower gastrointestinal tract.The diagnosis depends on clinical,endoscopic,histological and radiological evaluation.The presence of aphthoid ulcers,longitudinal ulcers,bamboo-joint-like appearance,stenoses and fistulas are endoscopic findings suggestive of the disease,and it is important to exclude the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection.The primary histological findings,which facilitate the diagnosis,are the presence of a chronic inflammatory process with a predominance of lymphoplasmacytic cells and active focal gastritis.The presence of epithelioid granuloma,although less frequent,is highly suggestive of the disease in the absence of chronic granulomatous disease.Treatment should include the use of proton pump inhibitors associated with corticosteroids,immunomodulators and biological therapy according to the severity of the disease. 展开更多
关键词 Crohn’s disease UPPER gastrointestinal tract UPPER digestive endoscopy ESOPHAGUS STOMACH DUODENUM Chronic GASTRITIS Focal GASTRITIS EPITHELIOID granuloma
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A meta-analysis of caspase-8-652 6N del polymorphism and digestive tract cancer risk 预览
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作者 Haina Du Guoxin Song +3 位作者 Mingzhi Fang Yongqian Shu Xin Zhao Lingjun Zhu 《生物医学研究杂志:英文版》 CAS CSCD 2019年第3期173-180,共8页
Caspase-8(CASP8) is one key regulator of apoptosis of T lymphocytes and is encoded by the CASP8 gene. It has been reported that the six-nucleotide deletion polymorphism(-652 6 N del) of the CASP8 gene had effect on so... Caspase-8(CASP8) is one key regulator of apoptosis of T lymphocytes and is encoded by the CASP8 gene. It has been reported that the six-nucleotide deletion polymorphism(-652 6 N del) of the CASP8 gene had effect on some cancer risk. Few studies explored the association between CASP8 gene polymorphism and digestive tract cancer risk.To evaluate the association between the CASP8-652 6 N del polymorphism and the risk of digestive tract cancer, we conducted this meta-analysis. We found that CASP8-652 6 N del polymorphism was associated with a significantly reduced risk of digestive tract cancer in the co-dominant model(del/del vs. ins/ins: OR= 0.82, 95%CI= 0.72-0.95;del/ins vs. ins/ins: OR = 0.92,95%CI = 0.87-0.97;dominant model(del/ins + del/del vs. ins/ins: OR = 0.91,95%CI =0.87-0.96, recessive model: del/del vs. del/ins + ins/ins: OR = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.75-0.97). In the stratified analysis by cancer types, we found that all genetic models had protective effect on gastric cancer. Similar results were observed for colorectal cancer under heterozygote comparison and dominant model, but not under homozygote comparison or recessive model. In addition, a significantly decreased risk was found on esophageal cancer for most genetic models,except heterozygote comparison. When stratified by ethnicity and source of control, an evidently decreased risk was identified in the Asian populations and population-based studies. In conclusion, there exists an association between the CASP8-652 6 N del polymorphism and reduced digestive cancer risk, especially among Asians and populationbased studies. 展开更多
关键词 caspases-8 POLYMORPHISM DIGESTIVE TRACT cancer risk
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Food Restriction Programs and Their Applications in Fish Aquaculture 预览
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作者 Daniel Pereira da Costa Giovanni Resende de Oliveira +2 位作者 Tainára Cunha Gemaque Daniele Salgueiro de Mello Leonardo Vaz Pereira 《农业科学与技术:B》 2019年第5期316-322,共7页
Food restriction is a strategy to improve the productive efficiency of some aquatic organisms.It is expected with the implementation of food restriction programs to first reduce the feed consumption by the cultivated ... Food restriction is a strategy to improve the productive efficiency of some aquatic organisms.It is expected with the implementation of food restriction programs to first reduce the feed consumption by the cultivated species and consequently reduce the waste load in the water.In addition,there is a lower employment of labor during periods of food restriction.However,the efficiency of the feed restriction and the compensatory gain of weight by the organisms cultivated will depend on the adaptation and the characteristics of the species in question.Several methodologies have tested forms of food restriction applied to fish farming.Some of them are addressed in this review,as well as results and comparisons made with several authors on the subject in question.The purpose of this paper was to describe the main reasons for using food restriction,its implications on fish organism and to compare results from previous studies. 展开更多
关键词 FASTING fish farming cost reduction digestive physiology compensatory gain
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Hypoallergenicity of a thickened hydrolyzed formula in children with cow’s milk allergy 预览
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作者 Danilo Rossetti Salvatore Cucchiara +2 位作者 Alessandra Morace Beatrice Leter Salvatore Oliva 《世界临床病例杂志》 2019年第16期2256-2268,共13页
BACKGROUND Allergy to cow’s milk is the most frequent allergy occurring in infants and young children.The dietary management of these patients consists of the elimination of any cow’s milk proteins from the diet,and... BACKGROUND Allergy to cow’s milk is the most frequent allergy occurring in infants and young children.The dietary management of these patients consists of the elimination of any cow’s milk proteins from the diet,and for formula-fed infants,the substitution of the usual infant formula with an adapted formula that is generally based on extensively hydrolyzed cow’s milk proteins.The American Academy of Pediatrics has established specific criteria to confirm the hypoallergenicity of a formula intended for these children.AIM To assess the hypoallergenicity of a new thickened extensively hydrolyzed casein-based formula (TeHCF) in children with cow’s milk allergy (CMA).METHODS Children diagnosed with CMA through a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) were randomly administered increased doses of a placebo formula or the TeHCF [Allernova,new thickener including fibres (Novalac)] under double-blind conditions and medical surveillance on two separate days.Otherwise,both of these formulas and a cow’s milk-based formula were randomly introduced to children who were highly suspected of having CMA on three separate days.Immediate and late reactions occurring after the introduction of any of these formulas were thoroughly recorded by the physician at the hospital and reported by parents to the physician after hospital discharge,respectively.If the children tolerated the TeHCF during the DBPCFC,they were exclusively fed this formula during a 3-mo period where potential allergic symptoms,anthropometric parameters,as secondary outcomes,and adverse events were registered.The Cow’s Milk-related Symptoms Score (CoMiSSTM) was assessed and anthropometric parameters were compared to World Health Organization (WHO) reference data.RESULTS Of the 30 children included in the study,the CMA diagnosis of 29 (mean age: 8.03 ± 7.43 mo) patients was confirmed by a DBPCFC.The children all tolerated the TeHCF during both the challenge and the subsequent 3-mo feeding period,which they all completed.During the latter p 展开更多
关键词 Cow's milk ALLERGY Hypoallergenicity Tolerance Thickened extensively hydrolyzed FORMULA DIGESTIVE COMFORT DIETARY management
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Horizontal transfer of vanA between probiotic Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in fermented soybean meal and in digestive tract of growing pigs 预览
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作者 Ning Li Haitao Yu +6 位作者 Hongbin Liu Yuming Wang Junyan Zhou Xi Ma Zheng Wang Chengtao Sun Shiyan Qiao 《畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第3期778-788,共11页
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the intergeneric transfer of vancomycin resistance gene vanA between probiotic enterococci in the fermentation progress of soybean meal and in the digestive tract o... Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the intergeneric transfer of vancomycin resistance gene vanA between probiotic enterococci in the fermentation progress of soybean meal and in the digestive tract of growing pigs.One vanA genotype vancomycin resistant E.faecium strain,Efm4,and one chloramphenicol-resistant E.faecalis strain,Efs2,were isolated from twenty-nine probiotic basis feed material/additive samples.For in vitro conjugation,Efm4 and Efs2 were used as starter to ferment soybean meal.For in vivo conjugation,thirty growing pigs were randomly assigned to five groups(n = 6),treated with a basic diet,or supplemented with 10% fermented soybean meal,1% Efm4,5% Efs2 or a combination of 1% Efm4 + 5% Efs2 for 7 d,respectively.Fecal samples of pigs in each group were collected daily for the isolation and dynamic analysis of Efm4,Efs2 and transconjugants.The sequence types(STs) of Efm4,Efs2 and transconjugants were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing(MLST).The vanA harboring plasmid in Efm4 and transconjugants was analyzed by S1-pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)and further verified by multiple alignments.Results: The results showed that,in FSBM,transconjugants were detected 1 h after the fermentation,with a conjugation frequency of ~ 10^-3 transconjugants/recipient.Transconjugants proliferated with Efm4 and Efs2 in the first 8 h and maintained steadily for 10 d till the end of the experiment.Additionally,in vivo experiment showed that transcojugants were recovered in one of six pigs in both FSBM and Efm4 + Efs2 groups,with conjugation frequency of ~ 10^-5 and ~ 10^-4,respectively.MLST revealed the ST of Efm4,Efs2 and transconjugants was ST1014,ST69 and ST69,respectively.S1-PFGE confirmed the existence of the vanA-harboring,142,988-bp plasmid,which was also a multi-drug resistant plasmid containing Tn1546-like transposon.Conclusions: The findings revealed the potential safety hazard existing in the commercial probiotic enterococci in China,because the horizontal transfer from farm to fork could 展开更多
关键词 CHLORAMPHENICOL DIGESTIVE tract ENTEROCOCCI FERMENTED soybean meal Growing pigs Probiotics Transconjugants VANA VANCOMYCIN
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The leaching of additive-derived flame retardants (FRs) from plastics in avian digestive fluids:The significant risk of highly lipophilic FRs
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作者 Huiying Guo Xiaobo Zheng +2 位作者 Shuling Ru Xiaojun Luo Bixian Mai 《环境科学学报:英文版》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第11期200-207,共8页
The exposure to plastic debris and associated pollutants for wildlife is of urgent concern,but little attention has been paid on the transfer of plastic additives from plastic debris to organisms.In the present study,... The exposure to plastic debris and associated pollutants for wildlife is of urgent concern,but little attention has been paid on the transfer of plastic additives from plastic debris to organisms.In the present study,the leaching of incorporated flame retardants (FRs),including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs),alternative brominated FRs (AFRs),and phosphate flame retardants (PFRs),from different sizes of recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer were investigated in avian digestive fluids.The impact of co-ingested sediment on the leaching of additive-derived FRs in digestive fluids was also explored.In the recycled ABS,BDE 209 (715 μg/g) and 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE,1766 μg/g) had the highest concentrations among all target FRs.The leaching proportions of FRs were higher in finer sizes of ABS.The leaching proportions of FRs from recycled ABS increased with elevated logKow of FRs.In the tests with coexisted ABS and sediment,hexato deca-BDEs,BTBPE,and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) migrated from ABS to sediment,which resulted in the less bioaccessible fractions of these FRs in gut fluids.More lipophilic chemicals tended to be adsorbed by sediment from ABS.The results suggest the migration of additive-derived FRs from plastics to other indigestible materials in digestive fluids.The findings in this study provide insights into the transfer of additive-derived FRs from plastics to birds,and indicate the significant contribution of FR-incorporated plastics to bioaccumulation of highly lipophilic FRs. 展开更多
关键词 Recycled PLASTICS DIGESTIVE fluids Flame retardants LEACHING
饲料碳水化合物水平对拟穴青蟹稚蟹生长、体成分和消化酶活性的影响 预览
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作者 董兰芳 童潼 +6 位作者 张琴 许明珠 赵艳飞 宋志飞 苏琼 聂振平 马来 《水生生物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第2期252-258,共7页
用碳水化合物水平分别为20.34%、25.59%、30.17%、35.30%和39.95%的5种等氮等脂饲料,对初始体质量为(38.11±0.55)mg的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)稚蟹进行3周的饲养试验,探讨饲料不同碳水化合物水平对稚蟹生长、体成分和消化酶... 用碳水化合物水平分别为20.34%、25.59%、30.17%、35.30%和39.95%的5种等氮等脂饲料,对初始体质量为(38.11±0.55)mg的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)稚蟹进行3周的饲养试验,探讨饲料不同碳水化合物水平对稚蟹生长、体成分和消化酶活性的影响,以期确定拟穴青蟹稚蟹饲料碳水化合物的适宜需要量。结果表明,不同碳水化合物水平饲料对拟穴青蟹稚蟹的成活率、生长均有显著影响(P<0.05),均随碳水化合物水平的升高先显著增大(P<0.05)后显著减小(P<0.05),均在碳水化合物水平为30.17%时达到最大值;随着饲料碳水化合物水平的升高,拟穴青蟹稚蟹的蛋白质和灰分含量也呈先显著升高(P<0.05)后显著降低(P<0.05)的趋势,均在碳水化合物水平为35.30%时达到最大值,而稚蟹的水分和脂肪含量没有显著变化(P>0.05);不同碳水化合物水平饲料组拟穴青蟹稚蟹的蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性的变化不显著(P>0.05),而淀粉酶活性有显著变化(P<0.05),高碳水化合物水平饲料组(35.30%-39.95%)稚蟹的淀粉酶活性显著高于低碳水化合物水平饲料组(20.34%-25.59%,P<0.05)。在研究条件下,饲料碳水化合物水平在25.59%-35.30%内,拟穴青蟹稚蟹均表现出较好的生长率,增重率和碳水化合物水平的回归分析表明,稚蟹饲料碳水化合物的最适添加水平为29.93%。 展开更多
关键词 拟穴青蟹稚蟹 碳水化合物水平 生长 体成分 消化酶活性
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Consensus on the digestive endoscopic tunnel technique 预览
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作者 Ning-Li Chai Hui-Kai Li +45 位作者 En-Qiang Linghu Zhao-Shen Li Shu-Tian Zhang Yu Bao Wei-Gang Chen Philip WY Chiu Tong Dang Wei Gong Shu-Tang Han Jian-Yu Hao Shui-Xiang He Bing Hu1 Bing Hu2 Xiao-Jun Huang Yong-Hui Huang Zhen-Dong Jin Mouen A Khashab James Lau Peng Li Rui Li De-Liang Liu Hai-Feng Liu Jun Liu Xiao-Gang Liu Zhi-Guo Liu Ying-Cai Ma Gui-Yong Peng Long Rong Wei-Hong Sha Pateek Sharma Jian-Qiu Sheng Shui-Sheng Shi Dong Wan Seo Si-Yu Sun Gui-Qi Wang Wen Wang Qi Wu Hong Xu Mei-Dong Xu Ai-Ming Yang Fang Yao Hong-Gang Yu Ping-Hong Zhou Bin Zhang Xiao-Feng Zhang Ya-Qi Zhai 《世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版》 SCIE CAS 2019年第7期744-776,共33页
With the digestive endoscopic tunnel technique(DETT),many diseases that previously would have been treated by surgery are now endoscopically curable by establishing a submucosal tunnel between the mucosa and musculari... With the digestive endoscopic tunnel technique(DETT),many diseases that previously would have been treated by surgery are now endoscopically curable by establishing a submucosal tunnel between the mucosa and muscularis propria(MP).Through the tunnel,endoscopic diagnosis or treatment is performed for lesions in the mucosa,in the MP,and even outside the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.At present,the tunnel technique application range covers the following:(1)Treatment of lesions originating from the mucosal layer,e.g.,endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection for oesophageal large or circular early-stage cancer or precancerosis;(2)treatment of lesions from the MP layer,per-oral endoscopic myotomy,submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection,etc.;and(3)diagnosis and treatment of lesions outside the GI tract,such as resection of lymph nodes and benign tumour excision in the mediastinum or abdominal cavity.With the increasing number of DETTs performed worldwide,endoscopic tunnel therapeutics,which is based on DETT,has been gradually developed and optimized.However,there is not yet an expert consensus on DETT to regulate its indications,contraindications,surgical procedure,and postoperative treatment.The International DETT Alliance signed up this consensus to standardize the procedures of DETT.In this consensus,we describe the definition,mechanism,and significance of DETT,prevention of infection and concepts of DETTassociated complications,methods to establish a submucosal tunnel,and application of DETT for lesions in the mucosa,in the MP and outside the GI tract(indications and contraindications,procedures,pre-and postoperative treatments,effectiveness,complications and treatments,and a comparison between DETT and other operations). 展开更多
关键词 DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPIC TUNNEL technique ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL TUNNEL dissection Per-oral ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY SUBMUCOSAL TUNNELLING ENDOSCOPIC resection Gastrointestinal tract
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Retrospective study on mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms from five European centres 预览
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作者 Melissa Frizziero Xin Wang +15 位作者 Bipasha Chakrabarty Alexa Childs Tu V Luong Thomas Walter Mohid S Khan Meleri Morgan Adam Christian Mona Elshafie Tahir Shah Annamaria Minicozzi Wasat Mansoor Tim Meyer Angela Lamarca Richard A Hubner Juan W Valle Mairéad G McNamara 《世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版》 SCIE CAS 2019年第39期5991-6005,共15页
BACKGROUND Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)is a rare diagnosis,mainly encountered in the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract.There is limited knowledge of its epidemiology,prognosis and biology,and t... BACKGROUND Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)is a rare diagnosis,mainly encountered in the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract.There is limited knowledge of its epidemiology,prognosis and biology,and the best management for affected patients is still to be defined.AIM To investigate clinical-pathological characteristics,treatment modalities and survival outcomes of a retrospective cohort of patients with a diagnosis of MiNEN.METHODS Consecutive patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of MiNEN were identified at 5 European centres.Patient data were retrospectively collected from medical records.Pathological samples were reviewed to ascertain compliance with the 2017 World Health Organisation definition of MiNEN.Tumour responses to systemic treatment were assessed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1.Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate survival outcomes.Associations between clinical-pathological characteristics and survival outcomes were explored using Log-rank test for equality of survivors functions(univariate)and Cox-regression analysis(multivariable).RESULTS Sixty-nine consecutive patients identified;Median age at diagnosis:64 years.Males:63.8%.Localised disease(curable):53.6%.Commonest sites of origin:colon-rectum(43.5%)and oesophagus/oesophagogastric junction(15.9%).The neuroendocrine component was;predominant in 58.6%,poorly differentiated in 86.3%,and large cell in 81.25%,of cases analysed.Most distant metastases analysed(73.4%)were occupied only by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component.Ninety-four percent of patients with localised disease underwent curative surgery;53%also received perioperative treatment,most often in line with protocols for adenocarcinomas from the same sites of origin.Chemotherapy was offered to most patients(68.1%)with advanced disease,and followed protocols for pure neuroendocrine carcinomas or adenocarcinomas in equal proportion.In localised cases,median recurrence free survival(RFS);14.0 months(95%CI:9.2-24. 展开更多
关键词 Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm 2017 World Health Organisation classification Mixed adeno-neuroendocrine carcinoma Gastro-enteropancreatic tract Digestive system Neuroendocrine neoplasms Survival outcomes
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Roles of Na^+/Ca^2+exchanger 1 in digestive system physiology and pathophysiology 预览
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作者 Qiu-Shi Liao Qian Du +2 位作者 Jun Lou Jing-Yu Xu Rui Xie 《世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版》 SCIE CAS 2019年第3期287-298,共12页
The Na^+/Ca^2+exchanger(NCX)protein family is a part of the cation/Ca^2+exchanger superfamily and participates in the regulation of cellular Ca^2+homeostasis.NCX1,the most important subtype in the NCX family,is expres... The Na^+/Ca^2+exchanger(NCX)protein family is a part of the cation/Ca^2+exchanger superfamily and participates in the regulation of cellular Ca^2+homeostasis.NCX1,the most important subtype in the NCX family,is expressed widely in various organs and tissues in mammals and plays an especially important role in the physiological and pathological processes of nerves and the cardiovascular system.In the past few years,the function of NCX1 in the digestive system has received increasing attention;NCX1 not only participates in the healing process of gastric ulcer and gastric mucosal injury but also mediates the development of digestive cancer,acute pancreatitis,and intestinal absorption.This review aims to explore the roles of NCX1 in digestive system physiology and pathophysiology in order to guide clinical treatments. 展开更多
关键词 Na^+/Ca^2+exchanger DIGESTIVE system DISEASES Ion channel Sodium Calcium
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Unconjugated bilirubin alleviates experimental ulcerative colitis by regulating intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation 预览
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作者 Jia-Dong Zheng Yan He +10 位作者 Heng-Yuan Yu Yuan-Li Liu Yi-Xuan Ge Xue-Ting Li Xue Li Yan Wang Meng-Ru Guo Yi-Lin Qu Xiao-Fa Qin Ming-Shan Jiang Xiu-Hong Wang 《世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版》 SCIE CAS 2019年第15期1865-1877,共13页
BACKGROUND Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and o... BACKGROUND Unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) is generally considered toxic but has gained recent prominence for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of it on the interaction between intestinal flora and organisms and how it influences immune responses remain unresolved. AIM To investigate the role of UCB in intestinal barrier function and immune inflammation in mice with dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis. METHODS Acute colitis was induced by 3%(w/v) dextran sulfate sodium salt in drinking water for 6 d followed by untreated water for 2 d. Concurrently, mice with colitis were administered 0.2 mL UCB (400 μmol/L) by intra-gastric gavage for 7 d. Disease activity index (DAI) was monitored daily. Mice were sacrificed at the end of the experiment. The length of the colon and weight of the spleen were recorded. Serum level of D-lactate, intestinal digestive proteases activity, and changes to the gut flora were analyzed. In addition, colonic specimens were analyzed by histology and for expression of inflammatory markers and proteins.RESULTS Mice treated with UCB had significantly relieved severity of colitis, including lower DAI, longer colon length, and lower spleen weight (colon length: 4.92 ± 0.09 cm vs 3.9 ± 0.15 cm;spleen weight: 0.33 ± 0.04 vs 0.74 ± 0.04, P < 0.001). UCB administration inactivated digestive proteases (chymotrypsin: 18.70 ± 0.69 U/g vs 44.81 ± 8.60 U/g;trypsin: 1.52 ± 0.23 U/g vs 9.05 ± 1.77 U/g, P < 0.01), increased expression of tight junction (0.99 ± 0.05 vs 0.57 ± 0.03, P < 0.001), decreased serum level of D-lactate (31.76 ± 3.37 μmol/L vs 54.25 ± 1.45 μmol/L, P < 0.001), and lowered histopathological score (4 ± 0.57 vs 7 ± 0.57, P < 0.001) and activity of myeloperoxidase (46.79 ± 2.57 U/g vs 110.32 ± 19.19 U/g, P < 0.001). UCB also regulated the intestinal microbiota, inhibited expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin 1β(TNF-α: 52.61 ± 7.81 pg/mg vs 105.04 ± 11.92 pg/mg, interleukin 1β: 13.43 ± 1.68 vs 32.41 ± 4.62 pg/mg, P < 0.00 展开更多
关键词 ULCERATIVE colitis Unconjugated BILIRUBIN INTESTINAL barrier INTESTINAL HOMEOSTASIS DIGESTIVE proteases Inflammation
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针药并用治疗肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎临床观察 预览 被引量：1
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作者 郭阳青 《上海针灸杂志》 2018年第10期1126-1131,共6页
目的 观察针药并用治疗肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎的临床疗效。方法 根据患者入院先后顺序进行系统抽样,按1：1：1：1匹配均分为西药组、针刺组、中药组、针药组,每组47例。比较各组患者治疗前后5-羟色胺（5-HT）、舒血管肠肽（VIP）和内... 目的 观察针药并用治疗肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎的临床疗效。方法 根据患者入院先后顺序进行系统抽样,按1：1：1：1匹配均分为西药组、针刺组、中药组、针药组,每组47例。比较各组患者治疗前后5-羟色胺（5-HT）、舒血管肠肽（VIP）和内皮素（ET）、RDQ积分、内镜检查积分以及临床疗效的统计学差异。结果 4组治疗前5-HT比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,4组治疗后5-HT、VIP比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗后两两比较,5-HT（西药组与针刺组、针刺组与中药组、针刺组与针药组）、VIP（西药组与针刺组、西药组与中药组、西药组与针药组）指标差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;4组治疗后胸骨后不适、食物反流、反酸指标比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗后与治疗前比较,4组内镜检查积分的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗后内镜检查积分进行两两组间比较,西药组和针药组、针刺组和针药组、中药组和针药组之间的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;4组临床疗效、复发情况比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 单纯西药治疗、单纯针刺治疗、单纯中药治疗和针刺联合西药治疗对肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎有一定的疗效,但其中针刺联合西药治疗肝胃郁热型反流性食管炎的临床疗效更佳。 展开更多
关键词 针药并用 食管炎 消化性 肝胃郁热 反流性食管炎 5-羟色胺 舒血管肠肽 内皮素 RDQ积分
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